Визначення ступеня важкості деформацій зубних рядів у пацієнтів із початковою формою флюорозу

Abstract

Проведено клінічне обстеження 62 пацієнтів із зубощелепними аномаліями з початковою формою флюорозу та оцінені результати біометричних вимірювань їх контрольно-діагностичних моделей щелеп за методами: Пона, Коркхауза і Нансе. Ступінь важкості деформацій зубних рядів досліджували за методом Мірчука Б. М. За результатами змін зубного ряду по сагіталі, трансверзалі і вертикалі І ступінь важкості деформацій зубних рядів визначені у 44 (71 %) випадках, а ІІ ступінь у – 18 (29 % ) випадках; Проведено клиническое обследование 62 пациентов с зубочелюстными аномалиями и начальной формой флюороза, оценены результаты биометрических измерений их контрольно-диагностических моделей челюстей по методам: Пона, Коркхауза и Нансе. Степень тяжести деформаций зубных рядов исследовали по методике Мирчука Б. Н. По результатам изменений зубного ряда по сагитали, трансверзали и вертикали І степень тяжести деформаций зубных рядов определена в 44 (71 %) случаях, а ІІ степень – в 18 (29 %) случаях; The study of prevalence of common dental diseases, such as disorders of dentition indicates the growth of nosology as well as caries and periodontal disease. This pathology plays an important role in Ukraine and its prevalence is on average 40 – 65 % in regions with high fluoride content – 71,3 – 82,9 % (Lviv and Poltava region). The high prevalence of this disease can be a result of the complex action of some endogenous and exogenous factors. One of exogenous factors is considered to be adverse influence of ecological environment (high content of fluoride in drinking water) for the whole human organism, the formation of its organs and systems, including the formation of dentition. The aim of the research was to investigate severity of deformations of dentition in patients with primary form of fluorosis. We have done clinical examination of 62 patients with primary dentition anomalies with the primary form of fluorosis and evaluated the results of the diagnostic models of jaws by methods: Pont, Korhaus, and Nancy.The degree of severity of deformations of dentition was studied by Mirchuk B. M. The first degree of severity of deformations of dentition was characterized by changes transverse and sagittal sizes of the dental arches on average 10 %; the second degree of severity of deformations of dentition was characterized by changes transverse and sagittal sizes of the dental arches on average from 10 % to 20 %; the third degree of severity was characterized by changes sizes of the dental arches above 20 %. As a result of clinical research among 62 patients anomalies of bite by Engle Сlass І have been detected in 41 (66, 2 %) patients; Class II – 15 (24, 7 %) patients; Class III – 6 (9,1 %) patients. The most common was a narrowing of the dentition both on the lower jaw and on the upper jaw (by Pont), which was equal – 95,2 % on the lower jaw premolars, molars – 93,5 % on the upper jaw premolars and molars – 90,3 %. Based on the results of this study we have the increase in the width of the dentition in the area of premolars and molars on the upper jaw in 6 (9,7 %) patients, and on the lower jaw in 3 (4,8 %) patients in the area of premolars and 4 (6,5 % ) patients in the area of molars. The extension of the anterior segment of the dentition of the upper jaw was determined in 14 (23,3 %) patients, shortening of the anterior segment of was determined in – 48 (77,4 %) patients. On the lower jaw the following changes occurred in 8 (12,9 %) patients, and the upper jaw – in 54 (87,1 %). The most common change in the dental arch was insufficient place in the dental arch for separate teeth (by Nancy). Thus, the upper jaw percentage of such changes is – 82,3 % on the lower jaw – 84,4 %. It should be mentioned that even in primary form of fluorosis has been observed a tendency toward significant changes in all investigated parameters on the upper jaw and on the lower jaw. Conclusions. The first degree of deformations of dentition was identified in 44 (71 %) cases and in the second degree of deformations of dentition in 18 (29 %) cases.