Діагностика неалкогольної жирової хвороби печінки при профілактичному огляді

Abstract

Запропонований новий спосіб діагностики неалкогольної жирової хвороби печінки при профілактичному огляді з допомогою антропометричних вимірювань пацієнта. Акцентована увага на практичному застосуванні способу. Розроблений спосіб забезпечує можливість доступним і безпечним методом здійснювати об’єктивну оцінку стану печінки в залежності від антропометричних особливостей пацієнта, що дозволяє визначати ризик розвитку неалкогольної жирової хвороби печінки, своєчасно діагностувати хворобу та призначити профілактичні заходи або патогенетично обґрунтовану терапевтичну стратегію.

Предложен новый способ диагностики неалкогольной жировой болезни печени при профилактическом осмотре с помощью антропометрических измерений пациента. Акцентировано внимание на практическом применении способа. Разработанный способ обеспечивает возможность доступным и безопасным методом осуществлять объективную оценку состояния печени в зависимости от антропометрических особенностей пациента, позволяет определять риск развития неалкогольной жировой болезни печени, своевременно диагностировать болезнь и назначить профилактические меры или патогенетически обоснованную терапевтическую стратегию.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) usually has a long asymptomatic period. Known methods of diagnosis accurately determine the presence of NAFLD, but they are time-consuming, laborious and requiring modern equipment, therefore are not applied in practice. In view of the disadvantages of liver biopsy for the diagnosis of disease, we have proposed a method of diagnosis NAFLD during routine inspection using anthropometric measurements of patient. The purpose of the study — determine the effectiveness of the new method of diagnosis of NAFLD during the examination patients at clinic who turned for various reasons. Object and methods. The study involved 239 patients, including 124 men and 115 women of the first mature age, who had come to the clinic for various reasons. The age of patients ranged from 21 to 35 years. Each patient was determined set of anthropometric indicators: body mass index, waist circumference, the circumference of the hips, the ratio of waist to hips circumference, circumference of chest during exhale, height suprasternal point, difference between the height suprasternal points and pubic point and determining muscle mass by Matejko. Individuals who predicted the presence NAFLD, verification of diagnosis NAFLD conducted according to the recommendations unified clinical protocols. Results and discussion. By using anthropometric measurements and applying the method of diagnosis NAFLD during routine inspection was prognosed presence of NAFLD in 127 patients, among them 112 patients confirmed the diagnosis after conducting special studies. 62 patients was diagnosed NAFLD at the first time. Technical and economic efficiency of the method of prognostication nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in first mature age is that early detection of the disease, when there are no specific symptoms, conducive to the holding adequate treatment and reduce the risk of irreversible changes in the liver as cirrhosis, leading to disability patient and the loss of their social and employment potential. Conclusions. The developed method provides the possibility of available and safe method to carry out an objective evaluation of the liver according to the anthropometric characteristics of the patient, allowing to determine the risk of NAFLD, to diagnose the disease and prescribe prevention activities or reasonable therapeutic strategy.