Психологическое насилие в социуме, сознании и языке

Abstract

Статья посвящена анализу причин вхождения в современный язык заимствованных именований форм латентного насилия. В ней находит подтверждение идея изоморфности фундаментального мироустройства, сознания человека и естественного языка. Появление новых психологических терминов в современном узусе детерминировано факторами экстралингвистического и интралингвистического характера: дегуманизацией общества, глобализацией; тенденциями к смысловой точности высказывания, к экономии речевых усилий и др. Показаны особенности адаптации англицизмов, именующих различные формы психологического насилия, в соответствии с законами современного русского языка. Отражены проблемы терминологизации в данной области знаний. Продемонстрированы процессы деидеологизации терминов. Многоплановость проблемы наименований форм психологического насилия носит междисциплинарный характер и нуждается в дальнейшем изучении. Ключевые слова: дегуманизация, глобализация, сознание, психологическое насилие, адаптация заимствований, расширение словаря.The aim of the article is to retrace the causes responsible for the development of denominations of psychological abuse in the Russian language, and to describe the peculiarities of their implementation into the language system. The concept of isomorphism of the fundamental structure of the world, as well as human mind and natural language, is confirmed on the basis of the material of сustomary functioning of the denominations of psychological abuse. Contemporary customary usage reflects the phenomena of psychological and emotional pressure on a person, which have lately spread in the living space. The media sphere has become one of the important sources of observation of evolutionary processes in language during recent decades. The media provide numerous examples of the functioning of new words that are not recorded even by the most modern dictionaries, including electronic ones. Emerging lexical tokens either fill in the gaps of particular area of modern Russian that serves the psychological discourse, or can be applied to clarify new or updated concepts. Social awareness of the indiscriminate character of psychological abuse has triggered new legislation aimed to protect against these forms of violence. The penetration of the borrowed terms from psychological sphere into modern language is determined both by extralinguistic and intralinguistic reasons, such as dehumanization of society, globalization; tendencies to the semantic accuracy of utterance, speech-saving efforts, etc. A steep increase in the frequency of use of the borrowed psychological terms in the media discourse accelerates the process of their adaptation in the contemporary Russian language. The removal of ideological marking of existing in the language lexical units, the clarification of semantic content of terms, various types of borrowing, naming forms of latent violence common in the globalized world, the attachment of actual lexemes to taxonomic relations innate to language system, demonstrate the aptitude of the Russian language for plasticity. The problem outlined is multifaceted, interdisciplinary and needs further elaboration.