Hypomagnesemiaas a predictor of early remodeling of blood vessels in young men with essential hypertension

Abstract

The article highlights the features of changes in the level of magnesium in the serum, the elasticity of the vascular wall and shows their relationship in young men with essential hypertension and abdominal obesity. The indices of magnesemia, the markers of the arterial wall elasticity (the augmentation index, the arterial stiffness index and the pulse wave velocity), and the thickness of the perivascular adipose tissue (extra-media of car otid arteries) were evaluated. Clinical manifestations of magnesium deficiency were identified in more than half of the cases and the risk of its development was found in a third of patients with essential hypertension and obesity, it correlated with the results of laboratory studies of serum magnesium levels. Besides, the severity of hypomagnesemia was inversely proportional to the blood pressure (r=-0.58, p=0,022).Evaluation of vascular wall stiffness markers in patients with essential hypertension and obesity showed their significant increase not only in comparison with the similar indicators of practically healthy individuals but also with the parameters of patients with essential hypertension without obesity. The correlation analysis revealed that the magnesium level in the serum of such patients had a strong negative relationship with both the augmentation index (r =-0.68, p =0.023) and the arterial stiffness index (r=-0.55, p=0,042).The extra media index in patients with essential hypertension and obesity was twice as high as one in practically healthy individuals. It was also revealed that the extra-media indicator in these patients was positively related to the level of blood pressure (r=+0.68, p=0.033), the augmentation index (r =+0.48, p=0.018), and negatively related to magnesium content in serum (r= +0.61, p=0.023). It was concluded that young men with essential hypertension and abdominal obesity have clinical signs of hypomagnesemia. The identified correlations between the serum magnesium content, the increase in arterial wall stiffness and the level of the blood pressure in such patients make it possible to consider hypomagnesemia as a predictor of early vascular remodeling.