Динаміка показників інтенсивності карієсу в дітей із різною частотою захворюваності на гострі респіраторно-вірусні інфекції під час і через 5 років після проведення профілактичних заходів

Abstract

Актуальність. Однією з основних стоматологічних хвороб, яка уражує велику кількість дітей і дорослих у багатьох країнах світу, у тому числі й в Україні, є карієс. Раніше авторкою було досліджено, що існує взаємозв'язок між захворюваністю на гострі респіраторно-вірусні інфекції (ГРВІ) та виникненням каріозного процесу. Мета роботи – вивчити показники карієсу зубів у дітей, які часто хворіють на ГРВІ, через 5 років після проведення лікувально-профілактичних заходів. Матеріали і методи. Оглянуто 80 дітей віком 11-12 років, які 5 років тому перебували під спостереженням авторки й були розподілені на 4 групи. 1 група – це практично здорові діти (хворіли на ГРВІ 1-2 рази за рік), 2, 3 і 4 групи – це діти, які часто хворіють на респіраторно-вірусні інфекції (3-4 рази). Результати. Під час обстеження через один рік після першого виявлено підвищення показника інтенсивності карієсу в усіх групах спостереження. Така ж ситуація щодо зміни показників інтенсивності карієсу в групах дітей зберіглася й під час обстеження, яке проводили через 2 роки. Найбільший приріст за 2 роки спостерігали в дітей 2 групи (1,67±0,36), які часто хворіють на гострі респіраторно-вірусні інфекції, а найменший (0,62±0,18) – у 4 групі, якій призначали авторський комплекс. Карієспрофілактичний ефект у 3 групі дітей був 16,3% відносно 1 групи і 33,9 % – відносно 2 групи спостереження. Карієспрофілактичний ефект у дітей 4 групи був кращий: відносно 2 групи – 50,5% і 10,7% – відносно 1 групи дітей. Висновок. Отриманий результат указує на позитивний вплив запропонованого авторкою комплексу.

Relevance. One of the main dental diseases is caries that affects a significant number of children and adults in many countries around the world, including Ukraine. We have investigated that there is a relation between the incidence of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) and the occurrence of caries. Purpose: to investigate the dental caries in children who often have SARS in 5 years after treatment and prevention. Results. The intensity of caries during the first examination in children of the 2nd, the 3rd, and the 4th groups was almost the same and had no significant difference. Children of the 1st group had a better score than in the groups of frequently ill children. The increase of the intensity of the carious process during the examinations in 1 and 6 months was minimal in all investigated groups, as the minimum period of time passed after the patients’ treatment and medicinal prophylactic measured, so they were not taken into account. During the examination one year after the first one, when the children took prophylactic complexes two times, we found the increase of the intensity of caries in all investigated groups. In children of the 2d group (who were prescribed oral hygiene only) the increasing equals 0.97 ± 0.22 teeth, which was the most progressive indicator among the investigated groups, which often suffer from ARVI. In practically healthy children (the 1st group), who were recommended only the use of hygienic measures, there is also an increasing in the intensity of caries by 0.67 ± 0.27 teeth. Significantly, better results are observed in children of the 3rd investigated group, who were prescribed the already known treatment and prevention complex aimed to increase the resistance of the hard tissues of the teeth – 0.51 ± 0.17 teeth. The best result was in children of the 4th group, who used our proposed complex for prevention, which included the use of calcium-containing and antiviral drugs ("Lecithin D3", "Biotrit C", multivitamin complex "Supervit", tooth elixi "Lizodent"), the use of calcium-containing dental paste, and was 0.21±0.12 teeth. The same situation as for changes in the intensity of caries in children’ groups has been observed during the examination conducted in two years. In two years the largest increasing was observed in the 2nd children’ group (1.67±0.36), who often suffer from acute respiratory viral infections and who were prescribed only oral hygiene. The minimum indices (0.62 ± 0.18) have been estimated in children of the 4th group who took the complex offered by us. As for the last observation, its results were quite good taking into account the time passed after medicinal and preventive measures. The increasing in the intensity of the carious process relatively to one examination was the lowest in children of the 4th investigated group – 0.92 ± 0.24 teeth and children of the 1st group –1.03 ± 0.39 teeth, children of the 2nd and the 3rd investigated groups had slightly worse results – 1.86 ± 0.43 and 1.23 ± 0.32 respectively. Caries-prophylactic effect was determined in children who had treatment and prevention measures. In the 3rd children’ group who had the treatment and prevention complex consisting of "Osteovit", "Sanodent" tooth elixir, "Kinder Biovital Gel" multivitamin, "Drakosha" toothpaste, it was 16.3% compared to the 1st group and 33.9% compared with the 2nd investigated group. Caries-prophylactic effect in the 4th children’ group is better and equals 50.5 % relative to the 2nd group, and 10.7% relative to the 1st children’ group. Conclusions. Thus, the dynamics of the intensity of the carious process in children of the investigated groups has not changed. Somatically healthy children have lower indices of caries development than compared with the 2nd and 3rd groups of children who have ARVI very often. Children of the 4th who used our proposed treatment and prevention complex have a higher rate of intensity than children of the 1st group, but the increase in the intensity of the carious process in them is lower. It can be explained by the fact that during these 5 years, children periodically used our complex.