Differential-diagnostic informativeness of the morphological and immunohistochemical study of parotid salivary gland cysts

Abstract

The aim: To conduct a general analysis of the results of the study of the morphological and immunohistochemical structure of cysts of the parotid salivary glands. Materials and methods: Our study is based on the application of generally accepted, additional and special methods of examination, which concerns 21 patients who underwent surgical intervention to remove cystic formations of the parotid salivary gland. Results: It was established that there are 2-3 HLA-DR+ cells per 100 epithelial cells located in the basal and subbasal layers in the form of their continuous ribbon and their moderate infiltration of tissues within the acinar epithelium. In the epithelium, CD3+ cells were also detected in the number of 1 to 7 per 100 epitheliocytes and they were the most numerous, along with HLA-DR+ cells. Instead, the presence of CD4+ and CD20+ cells was not detected in the epithelium, unlike the subepithelial layer, where they occupied significant areas. In turn, the infiltration of CD8+ cells of the epithelial layer was established in the amount from 1 to 7 per 100 epitheliocytes. A moderate number of them was also determined subepithelially, and they were single directly in the cyst wall. Conclusions: Immunohistochemical study of the structural components of cystic formations is this is the direct way to establish the nature of the redistribution of immune cells in it, which is very important when conducting differential diagnosis in difficult and doubtful cases.