Медико-соціальні наслідки антитерористичної операції для Полтавської області та шляхи іх вирішення

Abstract

Сьогодні виникає потреба у якомога ранній діагностиці, пошуку ефективних шляхів адаптації та соціально-психологічної реабілітації військовослужбовців, що побували в районі збройних конфліктів. У дослідженні, серед опитаних 60 учасників АТО, було виявлено значну (45%) поширеність тривоги серед них, яку вони дуже часто не помічають або не бажають помічати, тому медико - соціальна експертиза учасників бойових дій в сучасних умовах потребує особливої уваги та подальшої розробки; Сегодня возникает потребность в как можно ранней диагностике, поиска эффективных путей адаптации и социально-психологической реабилитации военнослужащих, побывавших в районе вооруженных конфликтов. В исследовании, среди опрошенных 60 участников АТО, было обнаружено значительное (45%) распространенность тревоги среди них, которую они очень часто не замечают или не желают замечать, потому медико- социальная экспертиза участников боевых действий в современных условиях требует особого внимания и дальнейшей разработки; Abstract. Participants ATO return from the zone of hostilities with other world perceptions. Therefore, there is a need for early diagnosis, the search for effective ways of adaptation and social and psychological rehaoilitation of servicemen who have been in the area of armed conflicts. The greatest attention should be paid to deferred consequences, which affect not only the psychophysical health of military personnel, but also their psychological balance. In view of this, psychological assistance to ATO participants and their families is extremefy important. In order to sustain stress and adapt to a peaceful life, they need support. Aim. To study the medical and social consequences of the antiterrorist operation and the state of mental health оf the participants in the fighting in the Poltava region, the structure of disability among the participants of the ATO, the actual issues of rehabilitation of disabled persons in combat operations. Object and methods. 225 patients were interviewed by a practical psychologist on the basis of the regional medical and social expert commission during January-April 2017, including 60 ATO participants, 38 combatants in Afghanistan, 39 liquidators at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant and 88 patients with general illness. To assess the psychological state of the disabled, questionnaires with a proven validity of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scale, which has two subchasses for a separate anxiety assessment (HAS) and depression (HDS), weren used. Results. Among the 60 inteiviewed ATO participants, the total number of points on the HAS scale (632 points) prevailed over the HDS scale (357 points), respectively, with most troops returning from the ATO, prevailing manifestations of anxiety over depression. In 34% of ATO participants, among whom the degree of disability was established, the total score on the HAS scale was 8-10 points without clinical manifestations. In 12%of ATO participants who were recognized as disability groups III, and 33% who were recognized as disability groups II, the total score on the HADS scale was > 11 points with an advantage over the scale of anxiety (HAS). And in 42% of ATO participants with group III disability and 38% of group II, the total score on the scale of HADS was 8-10 points. Conclusions. The analysis of the obtained data shows the advantage in the structure of disability of the participants of the ATO of the disabled group III (76%) and a significant (45%) prevalence of anxiety among them, which they often do not notice or do not want to notice, therefore, medical and social expertise of participants in military operations in modern conditions require special attention. All disabled people are shown with medical, social and psychological rehabilitation. Priority in rehabilitation is the maximum possible recovery and preservation of quality of life parameters, social and psychological support of the patient and his immediate environment. Accordingly, all members of the ATO need the advice of a psychologist, therapist and measures of social and psychological rehabilitation.