Neutrophil bactericidal activity through the stages of placement of different dental implants depending on their chemical composition

Abstract

Introduction: The analysis of data provided by implant system manufacturers has demonstrated that implants, i.e. parts screwed into the bone, are of different chemical composition of the implant. Sometimes they have little amount of metal contaminants,which are not biologically passive. The aim: To explore the effects produced by dental titanium implants containing metal contaminants on the stimulation of antimicrobial properties of neutrophils. Material and Methods: A total of 24 patients who had from 1 to 4 titanium implants with different chemical compositions were subjected to the comprehensive check-up to this end. The functional activity of neutrophils was evaluated by nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction test. It was dynamically in 5-7 days after the implant fitting into the bone, and in 3 months after the procedure of implant placement. Results: On the 5-7th day following the placement of implants with weight percentage of titanium (Ti) in the composition from 25 to 50%, the share of active neutrophils significantly increased compared with share of active neutrophils prior the surgical procedure. However, after 3 months, this parameter in patients with implants, whose titanium content was low, remained significantly high. Conclusions: The placement of dental implants systems led to an increase in the share of active neutrophils in the peripheral blood of the patients in 5-7 days following the procedure of implant insertion. However, this indicator for implant systems with a higher content of Ti in the remote period returned to its original value, which indicates their higher biocompatibility with the tissues of the human body.