Частота захворюваності на кардіоваскулярну патологію серед пролікованих у денному стаціонарі

Abstract

Нами проаналізована частота та предиктори кардіоваскулярної патології, яка зустрічається і пролікована на первинному етапі надання медичної допомоги в денному стаціонарі. Вчасне виявлення захворювання й направлення хворих на лікування в денний стаціонар на початкових стадіях захворювань запобігає тяжкості перебігу захворювань, зменшенню днів непрацездатності, інвалідизації; Нами проанализирована частота и предикторы кардиоваскулярной патологии , среди больных на первоначальном этапе оказания медицинской помощи в дневном стационаре. Своевременное выявление заболевания и направления больных на лечение в дневной стационар на начальных стадиях заболеваний предотвращает тяжелое течение заболеваний, уменьшение дней нетрудоспособности, инвалидизацию; Over the last 100 years, Ukraine is on one of the first places in Europe according to mortality rate. Thus 25% of premature deaths could have been prevented with proper treatment conditions. Properly organized treatment at the stage of primary health care (PHC) would help to avoid 80 % of deaths among men of working age and 30% - among women of working age. According to the Scientific Centre "Institute of Cardiology named after academic M.D. Strazhesko" of SANSS of Ukraine, rate of prevalence and morbidity due to cardiovascular diseases (COD) are of noticeable variations in different regions of Ukraine due to the presence of risk factors and socio-demographic indicators, which vary geographically. Indicators of prevalence and frequency of this pathology in 2000-2010 among the total population increased by 57.5 and 10.4%, respectively, in the Poltava region (Poltavska oblast) the prevalence increased almost twice (from 34 229.4 up to 68 163.5 per 100 thousand of population). The main goal is to analyze the frequency and severity of cardiovascular disease, which is found and treated at the initial stage of medical care in a day care center No 3 of Poltava PHC. Object and methods. To obtain the goal of the study the following methods have been used: socio-sanitary (prevalence), sociological (questionnaires, interviews) statistic. We used the following statistical forms: in-patient card (Form 003/o), outpatient medical record (Form 025/o), and the reports on day care hospital activity for 2010-2012, questionnaire survey of patients. Results and their discussion. We have processed and analyzed the records on patients, who were treated in a day therapeutic hospital for 2010-2012. During this period, 560 were treated in 2010, 570 in 2011 and 619 people in 2012 with a variety of therapeutic pathologies. During 2010-2012 it was treated people in day care hospital patients: men 49% (857 people), women 51% (892 people). Among the classic factors of cardiovascular pathology the manifested significant predictor was smoking - 329 men (38.5 %) compared with 125 women (1.4%). The women faced significantly more the abdominal obesity - 401 (45 %) compared with men -149 (17.4%, p <0,001) and the metabolic syndrome - 171 (20%) and 88 ( 9.9 %, p <0.05 ), respectively. With equal frequency among the people of both sexes the cases of family history of early cardiovascular cases, dyslipidemia, hyperkalemia. Conclusions. The essence of health care is in focusing on the patient, timeliness, security and justice, efficiency and rationality. Therefore in our mind, the providing availability of care at the primary level, the carrying out the examinations needed to verify the diagnosis, carrying out the clinical supervision and preventive measures are the most decisive at the up-date stage of prevention and treatment with help of equipment. A timely detection of disease and referral of patients to be treated in a day hospital at the early stages of the disease prevents the disease severity and reducing the disability days.