Медичний наратив як лінгвістична категорія

Abstract

У статті обґрунтовано теоретико-методологічні засади комплексного дослідження англомовного медичного наративу з урахуванням досягнень сучасних наратологічних, когнітивних та комунікативних досліджень. Окреслено перспективи дослідження лінгвокогнітивної та комунікативно-прагматичної специфіки англомовного медичного наративу. Розглянуто особливості наративу як епістемологічного базису професії лікаря; В статье обоснованы теоретико-методологические принципы комплексного изучения англоязычного медицинского нарратива с учетом достижений современных нарратологических, когнитивных и коммуникативных исследований. Представлены перспективы исследования лингвокогнитивной и коммуникативно-прагматической специфики англоязычного медицинского нарратива. Рассмотрены особенности нарратива как эпистемологического базиса профессии врача; The paper substantiates theoretical and methodological principles for comprehensive study of the English medical narrative, taking into account the achievements of modern narratological, cognitive and communicative researches. The perspectives for studying the linguocognitive, communicative and pragmatic specificity of the English medical narrative have been delineated. The features of narrative as an epistemological basis of doctor’s profession have been considered. In this study, narrative is analyzed as a discursive way of constructing the event; as a universal mechanism for organizing a person’s subjective experience; and as a fundamental instrument of thought and cognition. Medical discourse as an object of narratological analysis offers a wide range of narratives, generated in the context of doctor’s clinical practice. The analysis of the English medical narrative from the standpoint of cognitive linguistics, pragmatics and cognitive narratology specifies and percepts the “doctor − patient” communicative situation, motivates the intentions of narrative agents, streamlines the international professional communication, which determines the relevance of the research. Medical narrative unfolds around a particular clinical event: examination of the patient, pathology detection, laboratory examination, deterioration of the patient’s condition, increased symptoms, allergic reaction, surgical intervention, resuscitation measures and the like. Medical narrative as a coherent sequence of clinical events provides a transcript of patient's experiences and, at the same time, an algorithm of doctor's actions, which determines the prospect of its analysis from the standpoint of modern narratological, cognitive and communicative research. Medical narrative intertwines heterogeneous, scattered in time and space events into a single, consistent story, and thus provides the atmosphere of mutual understanding and cooperation, thereby ensuring the correct diagnosis and successful treatment.