Розвиток усного мовлення іноземних студентів на початковому етапі вивчення мови

Abstract

Автори досліджують проблему розвитку усного мовлення іноземних студентів на початковому етапі вивчення мови. Проаналізовані методи викладання української мови в іноземній аудиторії. Висвітлено досвід роботи викладачів ВДНЗ України «Українська медична стоматологічна академія» щодо засвоєння іноземними студентами лексики, опанування діалогічних і монологічних навичок; Аcademic discipline «Ukrainian as a Foreign Language» recently has become an important part of the curricula in all Ukrainian universities as well as in Higher Medical Educational Institutions. This fact confirms the relevance of this scientific research. The methodology of such teaching has not been developed yet, and the learning process requires new approaches related to the processes of knowledge, comprehension, sensation and action. The process of the oral speech development in English-speaking groups is very important. The purpose of the article is to determine ways of the oral speech development among foreign students and to denote the main problems of this process at the beginning of the studying. Authors of this paper set such tasks: to analyze the method of selecting lexical material for speech topics, to show the main features of the work with vocabulary at all levels of language; to describe ways of representation vocabulary in the sentence, dialogue, monologue theme; to identify problems in assimilation of speech topics; to find out peculiarities of work with text at the first stage of studying the speech topic; review basic principles of work with the text. Among the most common methods of teaching «Ukrainian as a foreign language» are translation methods, comparative studying, audio-linguistic, audio-visual and communicative. The most important principles of these methods are situational-thematic and the principle of active communication. Research results. The paper presents that correct selection of vocabulary increases the effectiveness of our memory work. The rapid development of spoken language of foreign students contributes to the choice of vocabulary according to the thematic principle for more efficient operation of memory. Speech topics contain socially motivated words. The main task is to teach students to find words in the system. A prerequisite is the study of interlanguage relations. Modern textbooks for studying this discipline are created for the phonetic-grammatical principle. This is the main problem of studying. The paper presents that learning of the speech theme should be after the studying of the alphabet. Conclusions. The studying of the textual material made it possible to determine the necessity of simplification of conversational topics. It is necessary to take into account the level of speech preparation of each student. It is also necessary to stress the words in the textbooks. Knowledge of the Ukrainian language is an essential part of the process of socialization of a foreign student. This is also an important part of medical practice in Ukraine.