Наукові праці. Кафедра анатомії людини
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Документ A measure of the effect of complex food additives on rats’ adaptive responses(Українська медична стоматологічна академія, 2020) Yachmin, А. І.; Kononov, B. S.; Yeroshenko, G. А.; Bilash, S. М.; Bilash, V. P.; Ячмінь, Анастасія Ігорівна; Кононов, Богдан Сергійович; Єрошенко, Галина Анатоліївна; Білаш, Сергій Михайлович; Білаш, Валентина Павлівна; Ячминь, Анастасия Игоревна; Кононов, Богдан Сергеевич; Ерошенко, Галина Анатольевна; Билаш, Сергей Михайлович; Билаш, Валентина ПавловнаIn the paper was the investigation of the effect of consumed complex food additives on the rats’ adaptive response. 88 outbred mature male rats, housed in the common conditions, were involved into the study. Control rats consumed drinking water and received saline per os. The rats of the experimental group were given ad libitum access to water and, supplementary, consumed sodium nitrite solution. Sodium glutamate was administered at a dose of 20 mg/kg, Ponceau 4R at a dose of 5 mg/kg once daily per os. Doses of food additives were half less the allowable normal rate in food. After being exposed to open field test the rats were killed within 1, 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks under thiopentone anesthesia overdose. Consumption of complex food additives at acceptable doses affects the behavioral responses of experimental animals. It has been established that just from the first week of observation, rats experienced increased anxiety, fear, blunting of adaptive responses, decreased activity and disturbance of the emotional state, which were intensified up to week 16 of the experiment.Документ Conceptual aspects of the formation of neuropsychology as ascience(Полтавський національний педагогічний університет імені В. Г. Короленка, 2022) Haddou, Layla; Houjjaj, Jihane; Svintsytska, N. L.; Bilash, V. P.; Hryn, V. H.; Свінцицька, Наталія Леонідівна; Білаш, Валентина Павлівна; Гринь, Володимир ГригоровичДокумент Development of general and professional competences of future healthcare professionals through the implementation of training in the educational process(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2024) Bilanova, L. P.; Bobukh, V. V.; Andreyko, S. S.; Svintsytska, N. L.; Bilash, V. P.; Bilanov, O. S.; Біланова, Лариса Павлівна; Бобух, Валерія Валеріївна; Андрейко, Світлана Станіславівна; Свінцицька, Наталія Леонідівна; Білаш, Валентина Павлівна; Біланов, Олег СергійовичThe article considers the relevance and effectiveness of training in the educational process for students in the field of Knowledge 22 Healthcare to form general and professional competencies. During the training, informal, relaxed communication is created, which opens up many options for students to develop and solve the problem for which they have gathered. Trainings fight against passivity among students and generate interest in them. It is associated with non-material motivation and can be an impetus for enthusiasm, the desire for discovery, and the search for the root causes of pathologies and radical changes in medicine. They are considered to be an encouragement and an educational breakthrough because, at low cost, they benefit education, medicine, and society in general. The subtleties and nuances that the future medical elite learn from them allow them to maintain energy and professional endurance. Training plays an important role in the professional development of practising doctors, and postgraduate students who are expanding the boundaries of knowledge for medicine also need it. It naturally joins the stream of lifelong learning, which has been chosen as the slogan of modern scientists and personalities who want to improve themselves throughout their lives, hold respected positions and be an unquestionable role model.Документ Features of angioarchitecture of the albino rats stomach and small intestine(Fundacja Lekarzy Polskich-Pro-Medica, 2019) Гринь, Володимир Григорович; Гринь, Владимир Григорьевич; Hryn, V. H.; Костиленко, Юрій Петрович; Костиленко, Юрий Петрович; Kostylenko, Yu. P.; Билаш, Валентина Павловна; Білаш, Валентина Павлівна; Bilash, V. P.; Тарасенко, Яна Альбертовна; Тарасенко, Яна Альбертівна; Tarasenko, Ya. A.Introduction: The stomach and small intestine are important organs of the digestive system and, to date, they are the subject of research by morphologists, endocrinologists, immunologists, gastroenterologists, and other researchers. The aim: The paper is aimed at the study and systematization of the features of angioarchitecture of the albino rats stomach and small intestine. Materials and methods: The study based on the injection of the blood vasculature of abdominal organs of 20 albino male rats with 5% gelatin solution, colored with filtered black ink, was performed. The specimens were subject to photographing from different aspect angles in their original state, and then, after dehydration in alcohols with the transition to pure acetone, they were embedded in the epoxy. Photographing of the obtained specimens was made by a digital camera, as well as a binocular magnifier MBS-9, equipped with a digital photoattachment Sigeta DCM-900 9.0MP. Results and conclusions: The results of injecting of blood vasculature of albino rats’ gastrointestinal tract with ink mass clearly demonstrate the specific difference in the intraorganic angioarchitecture of its different regions, which depends entirely on their functional purpose in the digestive process. In the stomach, the highest concentration of blood microvessels is in its glandular part, which is explained by the increased nutrient needs of the secretory process of the gastric glands, while the mucous membrane of its fundus (pre-stomach) contains a scattered network of exchange microvessels that only promote the process of regeneration of the stratified squamous (partially keratinized) covering epithelium. In the small intestine, the typical principle of the organization of the microvasculature of its mucous membrane is somewhat modified in the duodenum, which is associated with the presence of mucous (Brunner’s) glands in it, as well as in those sites (starting from the duodenum) where the group lymph nodes (Peyer’s patches) are localized; Исследование основано на инъекции кровеносных сосудов органов брюшной полости 20 крыс самцов альбиносов 5% желатином с дальнейшей окраской с фильтруемыми черными чернилами. Образцы подлежали фотографированию в различных ракурсах в их оригинальных участках с дальнейшей дегидратацией в алкоголе с перемещением в чистый ацетон. После этого они были помещены в эпоксидную смолу. Фотографирование полученных образцов произведено цифровой камерой, также как и бинокулярной лупой МБ-9, оборудованной цифровой фотокамерой Sigeta DCM-900 9.0MP. Результаты введения в кровеносные сосуды желудочно-кишечного тракта крыс альбиносов массы чернил явно демонстрируют видовое различие их интраорганной архитектоники их различных участках, которые зависят полностью от их функциональной цели в пищеварительном процессе. В желудке, самая высокая концентрация кровеносных микросоудов находится в его железистой части, которую объясняют увеличенные питательные потребности выделительного процесса желудочных желез, пока слизистая оболочка его дна (преджелудок) содержит рассыпную сеть обменных микрососудов, которые только продвигают процесс перезаписи стратифицированного чешуйчатого (частично кератиризированного) сопровождающего эпителия. В тонкой кишке, типичный принцип организации микрососудов его слизистой оболочки отчасти изменяется в двенадцатиперстной кишке, которая ассоциирована с присутствием слизистых (Брунеровых) желез в этом, также как и в тех участках (начало от двенадцатиперстной кишки), где узлы (Пейеровы бляшки) локализованы в группах лимфатических узлов.Документ Health disorder assosiated with permanent disability as the sign of bodily harm(ALUNA Publishing House, Poland, 2021) Mytrofanov, I. I.; Lysenko, I. V.; Riabushko, M. M.; Hryn, V. H.; Riabushko, R. M.; Bilash, V. P.; Митрофанов, Ігор Іванович; Лисенко, Ігор Валентинович; Рябушко, Микола Миколайович; Гринь, Володимир Григорович; Рябушко, Роман Миколайович; Білаш, Валентина Павлівна; Митрофанов, Игорь Иванович; Лысенко, Игорь Валентинович; Рябушко, Николай Николаевич; Гринь, Владимир Григорьевич; Рябушко, Роман Николаевич; Билаш, Валентина ПавловнаABSTRACT The aim: The paper is aimed at creation of the procedure and criteria for determining a health disorder associated with permanent disability as a sign of serious bodily harm. Materials and methods: To identify the problems faced by forensic medical and judicial practice in determining a health disorder associated with permanent disability, we studied more than 100 criminal proceedings from 2007 to the present time. Results: Ways to further improvement of the procedure for conducting expert studies on health disorders, associated with persistent loss of general ability to work as a characteristic feature of the bodily harm have been found to avoid errors in forensic medical and judicial practice. The issues of conducting forensic medical examinations to determine the degree of loss of general ability to work remain unresolved. The lack of joint research projects conducted by both medical and legal scientists leads to the polysemy and different approaches in the stating of certain concepts that are the subject of study of both medical and law sciences. Currently, the definition of the offence against health is debatable and the issues of criteria for determining such damage are not completely settled to date. Conclusions: We consider the development of the Procedure and Criteria for determining the degree (in percentage) of the permanent loss of general ability to work of victims of criminal offences, established by forensic medical experts, is crucialДокумент Lacrimal glands structure components of the laboratory rat(J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Medicine, Josipa Huttlera 4, Osijek, 2021) Maryniak, D. K.; Katsenko, A. L.; Sherstiuk, O. A.; Svintsytska, N. L.; Bilash, V. P.; Мариняк, Дар'я Костянтинівна; Мариняк, Дарья Константиновна; Каценко, Андрій Любославович; Каценко, Андрей Любославович; Шерстюк, Олег Олексійович; Шерстюк, Олег Алексеевич; Свінцицька, Наталія Леонідівна; Свинцицкая, Наталья Леонидовна; Білаш, Валентина Павлівна; Билаш, Валентина ПавловнаConclusion: The lacrimal glands of laboratory rats have an individual well-defined connective tissue capsule. The intraepithelial interstitial spaces contain vessels of the hemomicrocirculatory tract, mainly capillaries, precapillary arteries, and postcapillary venules, in the volume of the extraorbital and infraorbital glands. Arterioles and venules are usually visualized for its boundaries.Документ Microscopic structure of albino rats’ small intestine(Fundacja Lekarzy Polskich-Pro-Medica, 2019) Гринь, Володимир Григорович; Гринь, Владимир Григорьевич; Hryn, V. H.; Костиленко, Юрій Петрович; Костиленко, Юрий Петрович; Kostylenko, Yu. P.; Білаш, Валентина Павлівна; Билаш, Валентина Павловна; Bilash, V. P.; Рябушко, Олена Борисівна; Рябушко, Елена Борисовна; Ryabushko, O. B.ABSTRACT Introduction: The small intestine of albino rats is a transitive canal between the stomach and the cecum that is closely located from each other, reaches a length of one meter, which in comparison ratio to body weight significantly exceeds the corresponding segment in humans. The aim: The paper is aimed at thorough histological study of the wall and structure of albino rats’ small intestine mucosa. Materials and methods: 30 mature albino male rats were involved into the study. The specimens of albino rats’ small intestine, fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin solution, have been studied. The study was carried out using conventional histological methods for obtaining serial paraffin sections stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Epoxy plastination of individual tissue samples of the small intestine was performed. Subsequently, polished thin sections were made, stained with 1% methylene blue and 1% borax solution.The obtained specimens were studied on the “Konus” light microscope equipped with Sigeta DCM-900 9.0MP digital microphoto attachment with the Biorex 3 software adapted for studies of such type. Results and conclusions: For the first time in the practice of histological study of the epithelial covering of the mucous membrane of the small intestine, attention is drawn to the specific pattern of its organization on the intestinal villi. It has been found that epithelial covering consists of alternating cluster epithelial aggregations separated by fissured depressions. Since no mentioning about them has been found in the publication, these cluster aggregations of enterocytes can be called epithelial buds of the intestinal villi. Consequently, it can be concluded that with the exception of some specific morphological features, the small intestine of albino rats is homologous to human one by its histological structure, which means that it can be used as a model for various experimental studies; Вступление. Тонкая кишка, являющаяся у белых крыс транзитивным каналом между близко расположенными друг от друга желудком и слепой кишкой, достигает в длину одного метра, что в сопоставительном соотношении к массе тела значительно превышает соответствующий отдел человека. Цель. Тщательное гистологическое изучение стенки и структуры слизистой оболочки тонкой кишки белых крыс. Материалы и методы. Исследование осуществлено на 30 белых крысах-самцах репродуктивного возраста. Материалом служили, фиксированные в 10% растворе нейтрального формалина, препараты тонкой кишки белых крыс. Исследование осуществлено с помощью традиционных гистологических методов получения серийных парафиновых срезов, окрашенных гематоксилин-эозином. Выполнена эпоксидная пластинация отдельных тканевых образцов тонкой кишки, из которых были изготовлены полированные шлифы, окрашиваемые 1% раствором метиленового синего на 1% растворе буры. Изучение полученных препаратов осуществлено с помощью светового микроскопа «Коnus», оснащенного цифровой микрофотонасадкой Sigeta DCM-900 9.0MP з адаптованою для даних досліджень програмою Вiorex 3. Результаты и выводы. Впервые в практике гистологического изучения эпителиального покрова слизистой оболочки тонкой кишки обращено внимание на особую закономерность его организации на кишечных ворсинках, которая заключается в том, что он состоит из чередующихся между собой из кластерных эпителиальных совокупностей, разделенных между собой щелевидными углублениями. В связи с тем, что в литературе о них нет никаких упоминаний можно назвать эти кластерные ассоциации энтероцитов эпителиальными почками кишечных ворсинок. Все это дает основание заключить, что, за исключением некоторых видовых морфологических особенностей, тонкая кишка белых крыс по гистологическому строению является гомологичной таковой человека, а значит – она может быть использована в качестве модели при различных экспериментальных исследованиях.Документ Optimization of the educational process in the context of internationalization of higher education(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2023) Sherstіuk, O. O.; Svintsytska, N. L.; Bilash, V. P.; Hryn, V. H.; Ustenko, R. L.; Katsenko, A. L.; Piliuhin, A. V.; Шерстюк, Олег Олексійович; Свінцицька, Наталія Леонідівна; Білаш, Валентина Павлівна; Гринь, Володимир Григорович; Устенко, Роман Леонідович; Каценко, Андрій Любославович; Пілюгін, Андрій ВалентиновичThe article discusses the characteristic features of the development of modern society, communication mechanisms, and intercultural relations. It suggests the methods of certain unification of requirements for the quality of higher education, educational and professional programmes, and research, which significantly impact national higher education systems and individual universities. The growing prestige of integration and internationalisation of higher education in the educational and scientific processes contributes to the formation of international development trends and intercultural programmes at the level of any higher education institution. The article highlights the priority and necessity of measures to build international partnerships, student exchanges, and the opening of branches abroad. And all this is not just a promising trend: this process directly affects the quality of education. It becomes one of the key factors of competitiveness and efficiency of an educational institution. The importance of students' academic mobility in university internationalisation has been proven. Through student exchange, student mobility is an opportunity to spend a certain period of time in a foreign higher education institution without interrupting the educational process in the native alma mater. The tasks of a higher education institution also include justifying modern changes in the university's organisational culture and finding a balance between classical academic education and post-academic standards. This transition has its differences both in the practice of modernisation of an individual university and at the level of standardisation of the national higher education system. Today, the processes of integration and internationalisation are developing in line with the new challenges posed by the world. In the field of professional education, the concept that if the world is not interested in you, then no one is interested in you is becoming more and more pronounced.Документ Particularities associated with the expression of glial acidic fibrillary protein on the structural components of cerebellum of the rats influenced by the food additives complex(ALUNA Publishing House, Poland, 2021) Bilash, S. M.; Kononov, B. S.; Pronina, O. M.; Kononova, M. M.; Bilash, V. P.; Shostya, A. M.; Koptev, M. M.; Білаш, Сергій Михайлович; Кононов, Богдан Сергійович; Проніна, Олена Миколаївна; Кононова, Марина Миколаївна; Білаш, Валентина Павлівна; Шостя, Анатолій Михайлович; Коптев, Михайло Миколайович; Билаш, Сергей Михайлович; Кононов, Богдан Сергеевич; Пронина, Елена Николаевна; Кононова, Марина Николаевна; Билаш, Валентина Павловна; Шостя, Анатолий Михайлович; Коптев, Михаил НиколаевичABSTRACT. The aim: To define the degree for glial acidic fibrillary protein expression on the structural components of cerebellum of the rats in health and when rats influenced by the food additives complex. Materials and methods: In order to determine the degree of expression of the immunohistochemical marker GFAP on the structural components of the cerebellum of rats we applied immunohistochemical, morphometric and statistical methods in our study. Results: In histological specimens at the end of 1st week of observation in the gray matter of the cerebellum there occurred a gradual increase in 1.16 times of the average number of GFAP-positive cells. At the end of 4th week of the experimental study, the average number of GFAP-positive cells increased accurately (at p<0.05 compared to the control group) in 1.27 times, at the end of 8th week it has increased in 1.99 times, at the end of 12th week in 2.25, and at the end of 16th week in 2.39 times. Conclusions: The outcomes of our study are as follows the increase in the average number of GFAP-positive cells is directly related to the decrease in the average number of major neurons of the gray matter of the brain, while the fluctuations in the average number of astrocytic glia cells represent a compensatory mechanism in the recovery of gray matter neurons of the brain from neural stem cells with the subsequent development of reactive astrogliosis and, thereafter the possible development of neuropathology.Документ Peculiarities of studying and teaching the discipline human anatomy in english in the medical high school(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2022) Hryn, V. H.; Svintsytska, N. L.; Bilash, V. P.; Ustenko, R. L.; Katsenko, A. L.; Piliuhin, A. V.; Гринь, Володимир Григорович; Свінцицька, Наталія Леонідівна; Білаш, Валентина Павлівна; Устенко, Роман Леонідович; Каценко, Андрій Любославович; Пілюгін, Андрій ВалентиновичThe introduction of effective methods of solving problems by teaching morphological disciplines to international students to form their professional competencies remains relevant today. This is due to the high level of necessity for medical education in many countries worldwide, a sufficient level of teaching in Ukrainian higher education institutions and attractive learning conditions. An indisputable step for a comprehensive integration process at the university is the combination and complementarity of educational and scientific processes. Requirements for the training of doctors include the organization of a scientific control system in the learning process. In Ukraine, the essence of modernization of the educational process is most reflected in the Concept of distance education, which due to such a global phenomenon as the Internet, covered broad sections of society and became the essential factor in its development. It has been proved that the efficiency of the educational process can be achieved due to favorable conditions for the work of students, solving problems related to the introduction of various means of their activation and motivation, development of comprehensive measures of educational and control types. However, the training of English-speaking specialists causes some difficulties, namely: mastering the methods of practical classes, presenting lectures and studying anatomical nomenclature in English, forming a high level of spoken English, creating and improving the teaching base, purchasing modern English textbooks and preparation of foreign students for the licenseintegrated exam «Step-1». Despite all the peculiarities, the training of English-speaking doctors is the right step of any domestic higher medical institution and reflects global practiceДокумент Primordial forms of peyer’s patches developed in albino rats’ small intestine after administration of broad-spectrum antibiotic(Тбилисский государственній медицинский университет, Агентство медицинской информации Ассоциации деловой прессы Грузии, Академия медицинских наук Грузии, Международная академия наук, индустрии, Образования и искусств США., 2020) Hryn, V. H.; Kostylenko, Yu. P.; Dubinin, S. I.; Bilash, V. P.; Гринь, Владимир Григорьевич; Костиленко, Юрий Петрович; Дубинин, Сергей Иванович; Билаш, Валентина Павловна; Гринь, Володимир Григорович; Костиленко, Юрій Петрович; Дубінін, Сергій Іванович; Білаш, Валентина ПавлівнаExperimental modeling of dysbacterioses associated with antibiotics is an urgent issue of morphological studies. The present paper was aimed at the detection and study of the primordial forms of Peyer’s patches developed in the small intestine of albino rats after administration of clarithromycin. 30 mature albino male rats weighing 200.0 ± 20.0 g were involved into the experiment. Antibiotic was administered to the rodents as a supplement to food during their two-meals-a-day feeding. Areas of the small intestine with Peyer’s patches have been studied. Serial paraffin sections have been analyzed using the “Konus” light microscope. Morphometric characteristics of the tissue structures were obtained using the Sigeta X 1 mm / 100 Div.x0.01mm stage micrometer. Administration of clarithromycin caused a significant increase in the amount of Peyer’s patches, the appearance in the mucous membrane of newly formed aggregated lymphoid nodules, being the primordial forms of Peyer’s patches, the appearance of which can be explained by only one factor, namely, impaired microbiocenosis in the small intestine under the influence of the broad-spectrum antibacterial drug, clarithromycin, which has immunotropic effect; Экспериментальное моделирование дисбактериозов, ассоциированных с антибиотиками, является актуальной проблемой морфологических исследований. Целью исследования явилось определение зачаточных форм пейеровых бляшек, образующихся в тонкой кишке белых крыс после курсового приема кларитромицина.В эксперименте задействованы 30 белых крыс-самцов репродуктивного возраста, массой 200,0±20,0 грамм. Прием антибиотика животными с пищей производился в режиме двухразового их кормления в сутки. Материалом для изучения служили участки тонкой кишки с пейеровыми бляшками. Изучали серийные парафиновые срезы под световым микроскопом «Коnus» (Италия). Морфометрические характеристики тканевых структур получали посредством объект-микрометра Sigeta X 1 мм/100 Div.x0.01мм. Выявлено, что при курсовом приеме кларитромицина происходит значительное увеличение площади пейеровых бляшек, появление в слизистой оболочке новых групповых лимфоидных узелков, являющихся зачаточными формами пейеровых бляшек, появление которых можно объяснить только одним фактором – нарушением микробиоценоза в тонкой кишке под влиянием антибактериального препарата широкого спектра действия – кларитромицина, обладающего иммунотропным действием.Документ Progress and problems of vaccination against coronavirus infection Covid-19(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2022-09-16) Karatash, A. V.; Bilanova, L. P.; Bilash, S. M.; Pronina, O. M.; Bilash, V. P.; Hryn, K. V.; Hryn, V. G.; Oliinichenko, Ya. O.; Караташ, Андрій Вячеславович; Біланова, Лариса Павлівна; Білаш, Сергій Михайлович; Проніна, Олена Миколаївна; Білаш, Валентина Павлівна; Гринь, Катерина Вікторівна; Гринь, Володимир Григорович; Олійніченко, Ярина ОлександрівнаThis article is devoted to the main achievements and problems associated with vaccination against the COVID-19 coronavirus infection. This problem remains relevant as the coronavirus infection is a highly contagious disease that spreads widely worldwide. Vaccination is currently the most effective way to prevent the occurrence of a coronavirus infection or its severe consequences. The difficulty is that vaccination against COVID-19 is effective only when the antigenic structure of the circulating virus matches the antigens contained in the vaccine (or, in the case of RNA and DNA vaccines, the viral antigens programmed into the genetic code). However, the coronavirus is constantly changing its genetic structure, resulting in new strains that differ from circulating variants and have pandemic potential, against which existing vaccines may be ineffective. This study aimed to determine the main approaches to creating a vaccine's advantages and disadvantages of vaccination through bibliographic analysis. A literature search was conducted among published peer-reviewed articles, books, textbooks, and monographs. The obtained data were systematized and processed. Attention was paid to the main approaches to creating vaccines against COVID-19; the problems of immunological imprinting and antibody-dependent enhancement of infection were assessed. It was established that strategies based on the use of DNA and RNA vaccines to solve the problem of their low immunogenicity in humans are a real alternative for the future development of medicine in the prevention of infectious diseases.Документ Reactive changes in the vessels of the rat’s duodenal mucosa in response to the effect of complex food additives(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2021) Yeroshenko, G. A.; Grygorenko, A. S.; Shevchenko, K. V.; Lysachenko, O. D.; Sokolenko, V. N.; Khilinska, T. V.; Bilash, V. P.; Solod, A. V.; Єрошенко, Галина Анатоліївна; Григоренко, Альона Сергіївна; Шевченко, Костянтин Васильович; Лисаченко, Ольга Дмитрівна; Соколенко, Валентина Миколаївна; Хілінська, Тетяна Володимирівна; Білаш, Валентина Павлівна; Солод, Анатолій ВікторовичВ роботі представлені дані морфометричного дослідження при комплексній дії харчових добавок на стан судин слизової оболонки. Встановлено, що дія глутамату натрію, нітриту натрію та Понсо 4R на ранніх термінах спостереження визначається зменшення середніх значень метричних показників судин гемомікроциркуляторного русла слизової оболонки, та розширення просвіту судин крупного калібру підслизової основи. В подальшому розвиток запальної реакції з виникненням набряку призвів до зменшення діаметрів просвіту резистивної та обмінної ланок з розширенням просвіту венул, викликав виникнення гіпоксії та дистрофічних змін, з наступним відновленням показників, внаслідок компенсаторно- пристосувальних реакцій на дію подразнюючого фактору, але повної нормалізації не відбулося. Зміни судин підслизового прошарку залежали від стану судин слизової оболонки протягом експерименту.Документ Remodeling of the rat gastric wall components under the effect of complex food additives(Українська медична стоматологічна академія, 2021) Yachmin, A. I.; Bilash, V. P.; Yeroshenko, G. A.; Bilash, S. M.; Shevchenko, K. V.; Ryabushko, О. B.; Vatsenko, А. V.; Solod, А. V.; Ячмінь, Анастасія Ігорівна; Білаш, Валентина Павлівна; Єрошенко, Галина Анатоліївна; Білаш, Сергій Михайлович; Шевченко, Костянтин Васильович; Рябушко, Олена Борисівна; Ваценко, Анжела Володимирівна; Солод, Анатолій Вікторович; Ячминь, Анастасия Игоревна; Билаш, Валентина Павловна; Ерошенко, Галина Анатольевна; Билаш, Сергей Михайлович; Шевченко, Константин Васильевич; Рябушко, Елена Борисовна; Ваценко, Анжела Владимировна; Солод, Анатолий ВикторовичThe purpose of the study was to establish the dynamics of changes in the metric components of the structural components of the rat gastric wall with long-term use of a complex of food additives: sodium nitrite, sodium glutamate and Ponceau 4R. The use of a complex of food additives (monosodium glutamate, sodium nitrite and Ponceau 4R leads to structural and metric changes in the fundus of the fundus of the stomach. At 4 weeks is determined by severe hyperhydration and microcirculation disorders in all membranes. Other components do not recover to the values in the control group, destructive phenomena develop in the mucous membrane, and pronounced leukocyte infiltration in the submucosal.Документ Similarities and differences between peyer's patches of the small intestine and milky spots of the greater omentum of white rats(WHO Office in Azerbaijan, 2023) Kostylenko, Yu. P.; Hryn, V. H.; Maksymenko, O. S.; Bilash, V. P.; Svintsytska, N. L.; Brovarnyk, Ya. O.; Stupak, D. S.; Костиленко, Юрій Петрович; Гринь, Володимир Григорович; Максименко, Олександр Сергійович; Білаш, Валентина Павлівна; Свінцицька, Наталія Леонідівна; Броварник, Ярослав Олександрович; Ступак, Дмитро СергійовичПредставлены результать исследования, проведеннего с целью изучить и сравнить основные принципы структурной организации пейеровых бляшек тонкой кишки с млечными пятнами большого сальника белых крыс. Для этого в эксперименте задействовано 20 белых крыс-самцов репродуктивного возраста, массой от 278,08 до 346,47 грамм. Материалом служили препараты тонкой кишки с визуализированными пейеровыми бляшками и препараты большого сальника, фиксированные в 10% растворе нейтрального формалина, а также тотальные препараты большого сальника, окрашенные гематоксилин-эозином. Исследование осуществлено с помощью традиционных гистологических методов получения серийных парафиновых срезов, толщиной 4 мкм (Microm HM 325), которые окрашивали гематоксилин-эозином. Изучение и документирование осуществлено с помощью МБС-9, а также в световом микроскопе «Коnus», оснащенного цифровой микрофотонасадкой Sigeta DCM-900 9.0MP с адаптированной для данных исследований программой Вiorex 3 (серийный номер 5604). Пейеровые бляшки тонкой кишки у белых крыс представлены в виде приподнятых бугорков белесоватого цвета различной формы и размеров и являют собой определенную совокупность однотипных по строению, лимфоидных узелков, которые интегрированы в единую морфофункциональную общность посредством отдельных модульных ассоциаций кровеносного микроциркуляторного русла. Млечные пятна большого сальника можно визуализировать только путем тотальной окраски этих препаратов базофильными красителями, установлено что они располагаются с двух сторон по ходу сосудисто-жировых аркад в виде мелких лимфоидных узелков различной формы и величины. Таким образом, млечные пятна большого сальника и пейеровы бляшки тонкой кишки белых крыс-самцов не относятся к соразмерным образованиям, так как первые представляют собой дискретную форму рассредоточения по ходу сосудисто-жировых аркад большого сальника определенного количества унифицированных по структуре лимфоидных узелков, тогда как пейеровы бляшки являются консолидированной совокупностью подобных образований.Документ Specific structure of the normal rat gastric fundus wall(Українська медична стоматологічна академія, 2020) Yachmin, А. І.; Vilkhova, O. V.; Boruta, N. V.; Bilash, S. M.; Skotarenko, T. A.; Bilash, V. P.; Kramarenko, D. R.; Ячмінь, Анастасія Ігорівна; Ячминь, Анастасия Игоревна; Борута, Наталія Володимирівна; Борута, Наталия Владимировна; Білаш, Сергій Михайлович; Билаш, Сергей Михайлович; Скотаренко, Тетяна Анатоліївна; Скотаренко, Татьяна Анатольевна; Білаш, Валентина Павлівна; Билаш, Валентина Павловна; Крамаренко, Денис Русланович; Крамаренко, Денис РуслановичAs a result of a comprehensive study, it was determined that the wall of the fundus of the stomach of rats according to the basic principles of structural organization corresponds to humans and can be used as an experimental model to study the effects of exogenous factors. By means of morphometric research the basic metric indicators of a wall of fundal department of a rats’ stomach and histotopographic features of own glands are established.Документ Stress-Protected Effect of Torasemide in Acute Immobilization Stress in Rats(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2021) Bilash, S. M.; Bilash, V. P.; Koptev, M. M.; Deviatkina, N. M.; Vynnyk, N. I.; Filenko, B. M.; Proskurnya, S. A.; Roiko, N. V.; Білаш, Сергій Михайлович; Білаш, Валентина Павлівна; Коптев, Михайло Миколайович; Дев'яткіна, Наталія Миколаївна; Винник, Наталія Іванівна; Филенко, Борис Миколайович; Проскурня, Сергій Анатолійович; Ройко, Наталія ВіталіївнаThe issue of search and selection the novel effective and, most importantly, safe methods of prevention and treatment of stress disorders remains one of the priorities for contemporary medical science. The paper was aimed at the morphological study of the rational use of torasemide as a stress protector. Based on bioethics regulations, 25 albino mature male rats aged were involved into morphological study. Group І involved intact animals; Group II involved animals that were exposed to acute immobilization stress without correction; Group III involved animals, exposed to stress after intraperitoneal administration of sodium chloride; Group IV involved animals, exposed to stress and corrected with mexidol; Group V involved rodents, exposed to stress and corrected with torasemide. After rats’ sacrifice, macroscopic and microscopic study of the lungs, liver, kidneys and spleen was performed. Histological preparations were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Studies of the stress-protective properties of torasemide indicate its positive corrective effect on the structure of the lungs, liver and spleen in acute immobilization stress. However, morphologically, correction with torasemide in acute immobilization stress caused enhancement of stress-related renal alterations. Due to the adverse effects of torasemide on the histological structure of the kidneys under stress, its use as a stress protector is not considered rational.Документ The impact of the complex food additives on the glandular apparatus of the rat’s duodenal mucosa(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2021) Bilash, V. P.; Grygorenko, A. S.; Yeroshenko, G. А.; Shevchenko, K. V.; Lysachenko, O. D.; Zviaholska, I. M.; Tymoshenko, Yu. V.; Khilinska, T. V.; Білаш, Валентина Павлівна; Григоренко, Альона Сергіївна; Єрошенко, Галина Анатоліївна; Шевченко, Костянтин Васильович; Лисаченко, Ольга Дмитрівна; Звягольська, Ірина Миколаївна; Тимошенко, Юлія Володимирівна; Хілінська, Тетяна ВолодимирівнаThe effect of a complex of food additives of monosodium glutamate, sodium nitrite and Ponceau 4R on the state of the crypt of the mucosa of the duodenum of rats in the early stages of the experiment leads to a decrease in mean morphometric values of crypt body components, which subsequently leads to disorders of microcirculation in blood vessels, the development of hypoxia and the occurrence of an inflammatory reaction. As a result, increasing dystrophic changes in the cells of the epithelium of the intestinal glands develop, which is manifested by a decrease in the average values of the quantitative indicator of the cellular composition of the epithelium of the crypts. Further, as a result of compensatory-restorative reactions, complete recovery does not occur, which is confirmed by a decrease in the mean values of the metric values of the crypt body with decreasing epithelial cell height, against a decrease in epithelial cell composition and local immunity during the experiment.Документ Typical morphological characteristics of the skin structure of the hair part of the normal human head and with hair loss(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2023) Tykhonova, O. O.; Sherstyuk, O. O.; Tarasenko, Ya. A.; Bilash, V. P.; Serbin, S. I.; Dubyna, S. O.; Tkachenko, O. T.; Тихонова, Олеся Олександрівна; Шерстюк, Олег Олексійович; Тарасенко, Яна Альбертівна; Білаш, Валентина Павлівна; Сербін, Сергій Ігорович; Дубина, Сергій Олександрович; Ткаченко, Олексій ТарасовичThe aim of our research was to reveal the peculiarities of the structural organization of the skin of the scalp of men in normal conditions and the nature of its restructuring in the process of androgenic hair loss. Object and research methods. To achieve the goal, we used a set of methods for morphological studies: methods of epoxy plastination of large pieces of skin; production of lamellar polished cuts and their coloring with methylene blue; their study using a binocular magnifier and a light microscope in reflected and transmitted light. Research results and theis discussion. New data were obtained, which expand and deepen modern ideas about the structure of the skin of the hairy part of the human head and the nature of its reconstruction during baldness. It has been shown for the first time that in the process of androgenic hair loss, intradermal hair follicles are primarily affected by degradation. This process is accompanied by the formation of aggregated hair follicles. Complete loss of hair in androgenic alopecia leads to a compensatory and adaptive restructuring of the skin of the scalp, which is expressed by the replacement of loose connective tissue in the hypodermis with adipose tissue, the growth of blood vessels in all the layers of the skin, among which venous ones prevail, as well as in the increase in the concentration of sebaceous glands in the retina layers of the dermis. It has been proven that despite the complete loss of hair in androgenic alopecia, germinal epithelial elements are present in the scalp skin, which are the source of the formation of thin (abortive) hair, the matrix structures of which are hidden in the thickness of the sebaceous glands. Conclusions. The obtained results not only supplement the known facts, but also more deeply reveal the principles of the morphological structure of the skin of the scalp of men in normal conditions and after androgenetic alopecia. On the basis of the received factual data, the position is substantiated, according to which hair loss in androgenic alopecia does not lead to pathological changes in the skin, but is compensated by the physiological hypertrophy of its other tissue components.Документ Typical topographic-anatomical characteristics of the structure of the submandibular vegetative node in elderly and old people(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2024) Rozhnov, V. G.; Pronina, O. M.; Bilash, S. M.; Bilash, V. P.; Serbin, S. I.; Dubyna, S. O.; Tkachenko, O. T.; Рожнов, Валерій Георгійович; Проніна, Олена Миколаївна; Білаш, Сергій Михайлович; Білаш, Валентина Павлівна; Сербін, Сергій Ігорович; Дубина, Сергій Олександрович; Ткаченко, Олексій ТарасовичAt the current stage of the development of morphology and clinical medicine, the interest in vegetative nodes, which are complex peripheral nerve centers connected to the central nervous system and are trophic and communication and distribution centers, does not decrease. In this regard, it becomes clear that without the doctor's knowledge of the features of the topography and individual structure of the submandibular node (SMN) and its connections with neighboring nerves, it is not possible to provide significant help in understanding the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of diseases of the node, developing new ones and optimizing already existing methods of treatment. Before starting the main part of our study, we determined the shape of the head (skull) and face – head and face indices. In the future, we used anatomical preparation of the SMN after cosmetic access to it. The sizes of the node were measured using a millimeter ruler. Photography of the prepared SMN was carried out using a digital camera. Based on the results of the research, we determined the main topographical positions of the SMN; revealed variants of the external structure of SMNs by frequency of occurrence and their sizes; the extreme types of the structure of the SMNs are established and it is shown in which forms of the head and face they occur; the topography of the branched connections of the SMN – adductor roots: tympanic-lingual, sympathic and efferent roots has been clarified. The revealed dependence of the topographic-anatomical variability of the human SMN on the shape of the skull will help clinicians to justify the choice of the node blockade method in various pathological conditions