Вісник проблем біології і медицини, Випуск 3 (170)

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https://repository.pdmu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/21800

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Перегляд Вісник проблем біології і медицини, Випуск 3 (170) за Автор "Havrylieva, K. H."

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    The debate surrounding academic ratings: a critical analysis
    (Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2023) Bieliaieva, O. M.; Lysanets, Yu. V.; Bilash, S. M.; Skrypnikova, T. P.; Khmil, T. A.; Solohor, I. M.; Havrylieva, K. H.; Бєляєва, Олена Миколаївна; Лисанець, Юлія Валеріївна; Білаш, Сергій Михайлович; Скрипнікова, Таїса Петрівна; Хміль, Тетяна Андріївна; Сологор, Ірина Миколаївна; Гаврильєва, Ксеня Григорівна
    The article is devoted to the phenomenon of academic ratings, which have now become one of the influential levers for determining the competitiveness of higher education institutions at the international, national, and regional levels, as well as a natural result of its mass and commercialized nature. The authors observe that during the entire period of existence of academic ratings, there has been an ardent discussion about their usefulness, objectivity, quality and validity. The paper discusses the arguments of the opponents of academic ratings, which emphasize that they are often biased or based on methodologies that are not transparent (weight of compared indicators, calculation algorithms, methodological validity in data collection, etc.). The authors argue that despite the constant and painstaking work of the compilers to make the ratings as transparent as possible, for now, they often do not meet the expectations of university management and the academic community, and also provide little useful information necessary for real and potential stakeholders. The analysis of the literature on the researched issue proved that this especially applies to representatives of European universities. Opponents of the ratings explain this status quo by the fundamental difference, on the one hand, between the British and American educational systems, and on the other, between the national educational systems of Europe. Attention is focused on the fact that the orientation of the ratings mainly on the bibliometric analysis of scientific publications of academic staff is, for example, disadvantageous for French universities, since a feature of the French higher education system (in contrast to the British or American) is that scientific activity is mainly concentrated in research centers, whereas educational activities – in universities. It is noted that the analysis of quality indicators of various areas of activity of a higher education institution and the educational system of the country as a whole makes it possible to obtain unbiased information about competitiveness in the field under study. In connection with this, the “struggle for one’s place in the sun” should be perceived as a reality that determines both the current state and the prospects for the further development of higher education. The authors conclude that the ratings, despite the controversy, have become an integral part of the global educational and information space, serving as one of the tools for measuring institutional capacity, finding new approaches to the effective use of the potential of universities, adjusting the development strategy and stimulating positive changes in the educational environment.