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Документ Metabolic syndrome in pediatric practice: Definition, diagnostic criteria and principles of patient management (overview).(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2024) Kryuchko, T. O.; Mazur, A.; Shadrin, O. H.; Poda, O. A.; Lysanets, Yu. V.; Крючко, Тетяна Олександрівна; Пода, Ольга Анатоліївна; Лисанець, Юлія ВалеріївнаThe article comprehensively reviews epidemiological indicators, risk factors, pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnostic criteria, and contemporary management principles of metabolic syndrome in pediatric practice. The study relies on the extensive analysis of literature sources retrieved from electronic databases such as PubMed, Up To Date, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Scopus, MedLine, and Elsevier. The literature review highlights the escalating prevalence of metabolic syndrome as an urgent medical and social concern among children and adolescents, primarily attributed to the global epidemic of childhood obesity. The article not only outlines key findings but also presents recommendations from international medical societies concerning screening strategies, diagnostics, and therapeutic approaches for the individual components contributing to metabolic syndrome in childhood. The review also focuses on pivotal studies exploring alternative therapies targeting the principal pathogenic factors of the disease. In conclusion, the authors emphasize the pressing issue of the absence of standardized criteria for diagnosing metabolic syndrome in children, highlighting the imperative role of a multidisciplinary team of specialists in the effective management of this pathology in pediatric practice.Документ Unfriendly fire: how the tobacco industry is destroying the future of our children(Vilnius University Press, 2021) Bush, A.; Ferkol, T.; Valiulis, A.; Mazur, A.; Chkhaidze, I.; Maglakelidze, T.; Sargsyan, S.; Boyajyan, G.; Cirstea, O.; Doan, S.; Katilov, O.; Pokhylko, V.; Dubey, L.; Poluziorovienė, E.; Prokopčiuk, N.; Taminskienė, V.; Valiulis, A.; Похилько, Валерій ІвановичAbstract. Tobacco has long been known to be one of the greatest causes of morbidity and mortality in the adults, but the effects on the foetus and young children, which are lifelong, have been less well appreciated. Developing from this are electronic nicotine delivery systems or vapes, promulgated as being less harmful than tobacco. Nicotine itself is toxic to the foetus, with permanent effects on lung structure and function. Most vapes contain nicotine, but they also contain many other compounds which are inhaled and for which there are no toxicity studies. They also contain known toxic substances, whose use is banned by European Union legislation. Accelerating numbers of young people are vaping, and this does not reflect an exchange of vapes for cigarettes. The acute toxicity of e-cigarettes is greater than that of tobacco, and includes acute lung injury, pulmonary haemorrhage and eosinophilic and lipoid pneumonia. Given the worse acute toxicity, it should be impossible to be complacent about medium and long term effects of vaping. Laboratory studies have demonstrated changes in lung proteomics and the innate immune system with vaping, some but not all of which overlap with tobacco. It would be wrong to consider vapes as a weaker form of tobacco, they have their own toxicity. Children and young people are being targeted by the vaping industry (which is largely the same as the tobacco industry), including on-line, and unless an efficient legislative program is put in place, a whole new generation of nicotine addicts will result.