Вісник проблем біології і медицини, Випуск 4 (167)

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Перегляд Вісник проблем біології і медицини, Випуск 4 (167) за Ключові слова "adenosine receptor agonists"

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    On the question of adenosine system participation in the pathogenesis of neuroses
    (Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2022) Lutsenko, R. V.; Луценко, Руслан Володимирович
    Effective treatment of mental disorders, particularly anxiety disorders, requires clarification of the role of all neurotransmitter systems in their genesis. The aim was to consider the role of the adenosine system of the brain in the origin of neurotic pathology, as well as the participation in these processes of four subtypes (A¹ , A2A, A2B, and A3 ) of receptors and their agonists. The available literary sources of recent years, which show the role of the adenosine system in the occurrence, development, and correction of neurotic pathology, were analyzed. Adenosine regulates behavior, mood, and emotions and supports the functionality of adjacent neurons and ion channels. Excitation of A1-autoreceptors inhibits the release of other neurotransmitters. A2A receptors in the central nervous system are associated with cholinergic, dopaminergic, glutamatergic, and other receptors and are involved in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric diseases. Stimulation of these receptors contributes to the development of anxiety. It has been demonstrated that adenosine and A-receptor agonists exhibit an anxiolytic effect in neuroethological tests of different aversiveness. A1 - and A2A-receptors modulate the GABA-ergic system in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. However, the involvement of A-receptors and their pharmacological regulation in forming anxiety has not been convincingly proven. It has been shown that adenosine in the intercellular space can have opposite effects on different subtypes of adenosine receptors. It has also been established that functional differences are observed under the action of A2A receptor agonists in a different part of the central nervous system. It has been found that adenosine and substances that help increase its level reduce anxiety. A1A receptors and their agonists of synthetic and plant origin are considered the most promising in correcting neurotic pathology. The role of specific subtypes of A-receptors and the adenosine transporter in the development of anxiety pathology has been established. An active search for means of regulating this neurotransmitter system is underway to create new neuropsychotropic agents based on them.