Нейрогормональные корреляты тревожных расстройств у детей

Abstract

Метою даного дослідження став пошук інформативних клінічних, психологічних та біологічних маркерів тривожних розладів у дітей. Описано клініко-психопатологічні, нейрогормональні особливості тривожних розладів у дітей, виділені маркери ризику прогресування тривожного розладу; Целью данного исследования явился поиск информативных клинических, психологических и биологических маркеров тревожных расстройств у детей. Описаны клинико-психопатологические, нейрогормональные особенности тревожных расстройств у детей, выделены маркеры риска прогрессирования тревожного расстройства; The purpose of this study was to search for informative clinical, psychological and biological markers of anxiety disorders in children. Clinical-psychopathological, neurohormonal features of anxiety disorders in children are described, and risk markers for the progression of anxiety disorder are identified. The analysis of complaints from children with anxiety disorders showed significant variability and polymorphism of clinical symptoms. It has been established that anxiety-phobic disorders in children are comorbid with cognitive disorders (attention and memory disorders), and in adolescents with emotional (depressed) and behavioral disorders (avoiding behavior). Serotonin, melatonin and cortisol were analyzed in children and adolescents with anxiety disorders, depending on age and sex. The factor weight of neurotransmitter disorders, reflecting the dysfunction of brain regulatory systems in children with anxiety disorders, has been determined. Significant correlations were found in the states of calm wakefulness and with mental load in adolescents with an anxiety-depressive symptom complex. It is established that the psychopathological symptomatology of anxiety disorders in children is heterogeneous and has age differences. Factors of predication of anxiety disorder in childhood were highlighted: high level of personal anxiety, chronic stress with prevalence of problems in the school environment, pathological type of family relations, anxious cluster in one of the parents. Significant clinical and hormonal markers have been identified in the development and progression of anxiety disorder in children, which is important for the formation of programs of medical and social support