Особливості макрофагальної реакції жирової тканини на тлі сполученої дії висококалорійного харчування та іммобілізаційного стресу у щурів

Abstract

Мета дослідження – вивчити в експерименті макрофагальну реакцію в жировій тканині при висококалорійному харчуванні, іммобілізаційному стресі та їх сполученій дії. В ході проведених досліджень, встановлено, що при висококалорійному харчуванні спостерігається розвиток макрофагальної інфільтрації жирової тканини у щурів, що підсилюється на тлі сполученої дії іммобілізаційного стресу та висококалорійного харчування.

Цель исследования – исследовать макрофагальную реакцию в жировой ткани при высококалорийном питании, иммобилизационном стрессе и их сочетанном действии. В ходе исследований, установлено, что при высококалорийном питании наблюдается развитие макрофагальной инфильтрации жировой ткани у крыс, которая усиливается при сочетанном действии иммобилизационного стресса и высококалорийного питания.

It is known that in the process of obesity progression, systemic inflammation occurs. In the development of inflammation, the incipient role is played by tissue macrophages that support chronic inflammation in the adipose tissue, as proved by many experiments. But the question of the participation of the macrophagal reaction in inflammation of adipose tissue at combine effect of high calorie diet and immobilization stress remains unexplained. The aim of this investigation was to research features of macrofagal reaction of adipose tissue at high calorie diet, immobilization stress and their combined effect in rats. Experiments were performed on 40 sexually mature male rats, which were kept for a high calorie diet for 9 weeks, including 47% of standard feed and additionally condensed milk (44%), sunflower oil (8%) and starch (1%). Control group of rats received standard feed, experimental group – high-calorie mixture. After 9 weeks, the animals of the experimental and control groups were randomized and divided into four subgroupss: the first – intact rats receiving the standard feed, the second – immobilization stress by the method G. Selje – five sessions daily on three hours of immobilization; the third – high-calorie diet; the fourth subgroup is high-calorie diet and immobilization stress. One day after modeling of immobilization stress, animals of all groups were sacrificed under anesthesia. Fragments of epididymal adipose tissue were selected for assessment of macrophage reaction, then were fixed in 10% formalin solution and embedded in paraffin and sectioned. The tissue sections were 4-5Ч10-6 m thick. The preparations were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. PAS-reaction of МсManus-Hocchys was used. Histological techniques were performed in accordance to formulations described in manuals of histological techniques and histochemistry. An «Olympus» ВХ-41 microscope (Japan) was used to study and photograph the micropreparations at magnification x200x400x1000. The total number of macrophages in one visual field (3,12 × 10-7m) was estimated by morphometric method. Investigations have shown that in rats that received high calorie food for 9 weeks, the number of macrophages in adipose tissue significantly increased by an average of 4 times as much as (p <0.001) control group of rats. A similar changes in macrophagal infiltration of adipose tissue was observed in stressed rats, but these changes were less pronounced. The maximum infiltration of adipose tissue by macrophages and lymphocytes were in the group of rats with a combined effect of high calorie diet and immobilization stress – of 5,5 times as much as (p <0.001) control group of rats. Conclusions. Macrophage infiltration of adipose tissue develops in group of rats with high-calorie diet, and intensifies in the group of rats with a combined effect of high calorie diet and immobilization stress.