Дослідження мікрофлори урогенітального тракту жінок за допомогою методу ПЛР

Abstract

З використанням тест-системи «Фемофлор-Скрин» у складі мікрофлори урогенітального тракту жінок репродуктивного віку при підозрі на інфекційне ураження показано переважання наступних умовно-патогенних та патогенних мікроорганізмів: G. vaginalis – 23,2%, Candida spp. – 24,2%, Ureaplasma spp. – 14,6%, M. hominis – 11,2%, T. vaginalis – 3,3%, C. trachomatis – 4,9%, N. gonorrhoeae – 1,9%.

С использованием тест-системы «Фемофлор-Скрин» в составе микрофлоры урогенитального тракта женщин репродуктивного возраста при подозрении на инфекционное поражение показано преобладание следующих условно-патогенных и патогенных микроорганизмов: G. vaginalis – 23,2%, Candida spp. – 24,2%, Ureaplasma spp. – 14,6%, M. hominis – 11,2%, T. vaginalis – 3,3%, C. trachomatis – 4,9%, N. gonorrhoeae – 1,9%.

Today the problem of infections of the urogenital tract of women has become very urgent. This is due to the fact that according to numerous studies, over the past few years their prevalence has significantly increased. The prevalence of hidden and latent forms, which complicates the diagnosis and treatment. This, in turn, contributes to the further spread of infections of the urogenital tract among the population. In the event of injury of the genital tract, in more over 90% of all cases uropathogenic microorganisms are detected. First of all are the gram-negative bacteria – representatives of family Enterobacteriaceae (Proteus spp., Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp., Serratia spp.), Acinetobacter spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and gram-positive Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus saprophyticus, and obligate pathogenic microorganisms. Microbial flora regulates the state of the whole organism, so studying its composition have a great importance for the prevention of infections, including the urinary tract, which occupy a leading place in the structure of other infectious diseases of women. With the help of qualitative and rapid diagnostics, which can be carried out using the polymerase chain reaction method, it is possible to easily detect the disease, even in the latent period. Therefore, qualitative and timely diagnosis of infectious achievement of successful prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. The aim of the research was to determine the composition of the micro flora of the urogenital tract of women by the polymerase chain reaction method if the infectious lesion is suspected. For the realization of the aim of the research, the biological samples (scrap of epithelial cells from the vagina, urethra, cervical canal), which was obtained from 135 women aged 16 to 56 years, were examined. To test biological material using the Real time PCR method, the test system “Femoflor-Skrin” was used. During the examination of biological material from women, 108 strains of opportunistic and pathogenic microorganisms were isolated. Among the first age group (16-25 years old), representatives of the genus Gardnerella vaginallis (24.3%), Candida spp. (19.6%) and Ureaplasma spp. (18.2%) were identified. In the second age group (26-42 years), also the most frequently detectable groups of microorganisms were yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida spp. (28.2%), G. vaginallis (23.1%) and Ureaplasma spp. (16.4%). In the third age group (43-56 years) Candida spp. was identified in the largest number (24.8%), G. vaginallis (22.2%) and Mycoplasma hominis (18.2%). It is interesting to note that G. vaginalis in all groups was almost the same frequency, which confirms its role in the development of dysbiosis in women of all ages. It should also be noted that the yeast detection rate for Candidia spp. was significantly higher in women of the older age groups II and III. Research of reproductive micro flora with the purpose of detection of various microorganisms at asymptomatic carrier is one of the key issues of modern clinical medicine, which allows to identify the infectious process and start its timely treatment. Main importance in this sense is acquired by molecular genetic diagnostics, in particular, the method of polymerase chain reaction, which allows to determine the presence of not only severely-cultivated forms, as well as the presence of microorganisms in excessive quantities.