Оцінка якості життя у пацієнтів із потребою У лікуванні зубів фронтальної групи

Abstract

Метою даного дослідження було встановити зміни якості життя пацієнтів, які потребують естетичного та/або функціонального відновлення зубів фронтальної групи та з’ясувати які з аспектів якості життя піддаються найбільшому впливові. Для визначення зміни якості життя застосовувалась анкета OHIP-49. Дані опитування виявили, що середня значення загальної суми набраних балів у дослідній групі становить 63,07±6,79. Середній результат серед чоловіків був дещо меншим ніж у жінок (51,21±5,98 проти 78,10±12,63); P=0.048. У контрольній групі середнє значення результатів тесту складає 38,14±5,32. Середній результат серед чоловіків 31,31±4,87, а серед жінок 45,42±9,54, при цьому різниця не є статистичною (P=0,190). Різниця у результатах тесту OHIP-49 між контрольною і дослідною групами також є значущою (P=0,006). Різниця у результатах тесту між чоловіками і жінками обох груп також є значущою (0,032 згідно ANOVA).

A significant indicator of the quality of treatment is how patient`s quality of life changes after treatment. Quantitative indicators of determining quality of life changes and the effectiveness of dental treatment are based on this indicator. The aim. The idea of this research was to identify changes in the quality of life of patients who require aesthetic and/or functional restoration of anterior teeth and to determine which aspects of quality of life are the most affected. Object and methods. The OHIP-49 questionnaire was used to determine the change in quality of life. Adults 18-24 years of age and young patients aged 25-44 years with the need to restore function and/or aesthetics of the frontal group teeth joined the survey. Each question could be answered differently, depending on the frequency of the problem: “very often”, “often”, “sometimes”, “almost never”, “never”, “I don’t know”. If the patient answered more than 9 “I don’t know” questions, his questionnaire was excluded from further study. Each of the 49 questions had its own index valued from 0.747 to 2.555, which was multiplied by the frequency of occurrence of the problem (4, 3, 2, 1, 0 points, respectively). The points were calculated both for each block and for the whole. When asked the questionnaire, patients were asked to consider whether or not there was a problem within 12 months before their questioning. In the end, the results of the experimental group were compared with those of the control group. Results and discussing. Survey data revealed that the average of the total points scored in the study group was 63.07 ± 6.79. The mean score among men was slightly less than for women (51.21 ± 5.98 vs 78.10 ± 12.63); P = 0.048. In the control group, the mean of the test results was 38.14 ± 5.32. The mean score among males was 31.31 ± 4.87 and among females 45.42 ± 9.54, with no significant difference in gender (P = 0.190). The difference in the OHIP49 test results between the control and experimental groups was also significant (P = 0.006). The difference in test results between men and women in both groups is also significant (0.032 according to ANOVA). Conclusion. According to the results of the research, it could be stated that the quality of life of people who require restoration of aesthetic and functional parameters of anterior teeth is significantly reduced compared to the quality of life of people who do not need it. The decline in quality of life is largely explained by more psychological than physical disorders associated with the imperfection of smiles and poor dental health of anterior teeth. This fact is also confirmed statistically.