Естетичні параметри профілю обличчя у пацієнтів із одностороннім ІІ класом зубощелепних аномалій за Е. Енглем

Abstract

Aesthetic Parameters of Face Profile in Patients with Class II Subdivision Malocclusion by E. Angle Makarova A., Kuroyedova V. Abstract. Face profile configuration is an important aesthetic criterion in the diagnosis of saggital malocclusion. Asymmetric class II subdivision is particular unexplored kind of malocclusion. Class II subdivision malocclusion causes difficulties in the diagnosis and treatment due to the presence of the distal (pathological) molar ratio on the one hand and preserving neutral (normal) value on the other. Different ratio of molars raises questions what bite such patients have: distal or neutral. In this case, facial features, as aesthetic component of orthodontic diagnosis, will help to assess the type of bite. However, data of profile configuration in adults with class II subdivision malocclusion have not been identified. The aim of the study was to determine the aesthetic profile of face in adult patients with class II subdivision by photometry. The object of the study were 32 patients (13 men (32.1 %) and 19 women (67.9 %), mean age 21,95 ± 1,33 years) with a diagnosis of class II subdivision. The main group (22 patients), contained two subgroups: subgroup A – 10 patients with unilateral class II1subdivision and subgroup B – 12 patients with unilateral class II2subdivision. The control group consisted of 10 adults with normal occlusion. There were examined the photographs of face profile: proportionality of middle and lower thirds of the face, T angle and chin-lip angle. Patients with unilateral II class malocclusion, as II1 and II2, have shortening of face lower third, which is a characteristic facial feature of bilateral class II associated with reduced bite height. Patients with unilateral II1 class malocclusion trend (p ˂ 0,1) to increase the angle T in 1.3 times, and in patients with unilateral II2 class malocclusion T angle was significantly higher (p ˂ 0,02) in 1.4 times than in adults with normal occlusion. In patients with unilateral II1 class malocclusion chin-labial angle was significantly lower (118,7 ± 4,19°, p ˂ 0,02) corresponding figure in the control group (131,36 ± 1,72°). With high statistical significance (p ˂ 0,001) observed reduction of chin-labial angle to 117,25 ± 2,01° in patients with unilateral II2 class malocclusion. Conclusions: for patients with unilateral class II subdivision characterized by a reduction the bite height that causes a shortening of the lower third of the face, severity supramental fold and convex face type with sloping chin. Facial features of unilateral class II subdivision can be attributed to group of distal occlusion. Keywords: class II subdivision malocclusion, face aesthetics.