Протеїназно-інгібіторний потенціал та вільно-радикальні процеси у тканинах слинних залоз щурів за умов глутамат-індукованого ожиріння

Abstract

За умов моделювання глутамат-індукованого ожиріння виникають патологічні зміни у тканинах слинних залоз щурів: дисбаланс протеїназно-інгібіторного потенціалу, активація вільно-радикального окиснення та розвиток оксидативного стресу, що супроводжується ендотоксемією.; В условиях моделирования глутамат-индуцированного ожирения возникают патологические изменения в тканях слюнных желез крыс: дисбаланс протеиназно-ингибиторного потенциала, активация свободно-радикального окисления и развитие оксидативного стресса, что сопровождается эндотоксемией.; Introduction: Obesity is currently regarded as pandemic. According to the data of World Health Organization there are more than a billion overweight people on the planet. Low levels of daily physical activity combined with intake of food with excess calories, as well as extensive and uncontrolled use in food industry of food additives, primarily of monosodium glutamate, favor an increase in adiposity. According to the literature, obesity and pathologies associated with it can lead to decreased functioning of cells of salivary glands, reduced saliva flow, increased viscosity of saliva, development of xerostomia. Impaired functioning of salivary glands leads to the development of pathological processes in the oral cavity, increases danger of tooth decay and periodontal disease development, causes a disturbance of the digestive processes in other parts of the gastrointestinal tract. However, pathological mechanisms involved in the impact of obesity on salivary glands are not fully established. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the proteinase-inhibitor balance and free radical processes in the tissues of rats’ salivary glands under monosodium glutamate-induced obesity. Materials and Methods: The study was carried on 20 rats. We modeled monosodium glutamate-induced obesity in rats. The rats were divided into 2 groups at the beginning of the experiment. I group included intact animals for control. Newborn rats of II group were administered monosodium glutamate (4 mg/g) on the 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 days of life. After 4 months of experiment animals were determined body mass index (BMI). In the homogenate of rats’ salivary glands we determined the proteinase inhibitory potential by determining the activity of proteinases and total antitryptic activity, the content of oxidatively modified proteins and middle molecules. Results: It was established that BMI of rats of II group significantly increased in 1,21 times compared with the control group. Thus, the rats of II group were observed to demonstrate significant increase of BMI compared with the control group that indicated on the development of obesity. It was found that there was reliable increasing of total proteolytic activity in 1.32 times in the tissues of salivary glands of rats under monosodium glutamate-induced obesity compared with the control group. Under these conditions there was reliable decreasing in 1.24 times the total antitryptic activity compared with the control group. It was established that there was reliable increasing of oxidatively modified proteins in 1,44 times in the tissues of salivary glands of rats under monosodium glutamate-induced obesity compared with the control group. Under these conditions there is reliable increasing of middle molecules in 1.41 times compared with the control group. Conclusions: Thus, under modeled monosodium glutamate-induced obesity the pathological changes in rats’ salivary gland tissues are manifested by the development of proteinase-inhibitor imbalance, activation of free radical processes and the development of oxidative stress and endotoxemia.