Oral hygiene and periodontal indices in children with 1 type diabetes mellitus during gingivitis treatment

Abstract

The oral manifestations of diabetes mellitus are observed in the vast majority of patients, and some dentists indicate 100 % damage to the tissues of the oral cavity. The purpose of the study was to assess the state of periodontal disease in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus under the influence of our treatment scheme of chronic catarrhal gingivitis. The study involved 56 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 26 children without concomitant diseases. We determined oral hygiene index (OHI) according to Fedorov-Volodkina and OHI–S (Green, Vermillion), PMA index, gingival index according to Loe, Silness, and the bleeding index according to Muhleman H.R. We have found a statistically significant difference in a month since the treatment completes, and in 3 month, 6 month, and a year follow-up period. Oral hygiene indices before the treatment demonstrated unsatisfactory level of oral hygiene, but they considerably improved since the treatment had started. Periodontal indices evidenced a moderate degree of the inflammatory process. These values decreased significantly and pointed out mild inflammation in 1 month after the treatment. In 3 months, 6 months and a year follow up period the above indices slightly increased, but, nevertheless, were twice as lower than before the treatment. The use of the proposed treatment scheme had a positive effect on the clinical course of periodontal diseases and contributed to the improvement both in the immediate and long-term follow up.