Вісник проблем біології і медицини, Випуск 3 (166)
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Документ Choice of methods of conducting sanitary and educational work among children of organized collectives(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2022) Pavlenkova, O. S.; Павленкова, Оксана СергіївнаThe relevance of measures for the prevention of dental diseases remains at a high level, especially, this issue concerns children. Measures aimed at preventing the occurrence of dental diseases, namely dental caries, should be started at a very early age. Based on previous experience of hygiene lessons, for maximum perception of information by students, volunteers are guided by this theory, using the most correct and adapted style of learning, presentation of information, namely: visualization, audio, kinesthetic and digital types. Assessing and analyzing childrens;s reaction to the submission of material by volunteers, some children react quickly and interact with lecturers, while others lag behind. This is not due to the mental activity of students, but as a result of different types of temperament of children. Temperament does not affect a persons mental abilities, but is manifested in motility, physical activity, emotionality. This is a broader concept than character. Temperament is an innate feature of each persons character. It determines behavior, emotional state, all mental processes. In psychology, there are 4 types of childrens temperament: choleric (easily excitable, restless, emotional, energetic, prone to rapid mood swings, sometimes even aggressive children, it is difficult to predict how such a child will behave in a new environment), sanguine (sociable, restrained, balanced, smiling, cheerful, inquisitive, active child (who is almost always in a good mood), phlegmatic (restrained, diligent, thoughtful, but silent child, who is peaceful, tries to avoid conflict situations and not to violate her usual routine), melancholic, closed and gloomy, who is not confident in their abilities and needs help when you need to make the right choice). Consequently, sanitary and educational work among children of organized children's groups is the main one for the «Posmishka» volunteer squad, since, despite the modern assortment of dental products, modern medical technologies, and the availability of passive information, the prevalence of dental diseases is only increasing. Hygiene lessons, which involve different types of perception and taking into account the types of temperament, are much more effective than lectures, which are monotonous presentation of information.Документ Enamel resistance of temporary teeth in children 3-6 years old and influence of oral fluids on it(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2022) Kaskova, L. F.; Sadovski, M. O.; Каськова, Людмила Федорівна; Садовські, Марина ОлександрівнаThe study of the biophysical parameters of oral fluid in children is essential in predicting the occurrence of caries and developing effective prevention programs. The properties of the oral fluid determine the resistance of enamel to caries. This study aimed to determine the indicators of oral fluid in children aged 3-6 years (hydrogen index (pH), mineralizing potential of oral fluid) and their effect on the acid resistance of enamel, taking into account the dental status. The mineralizing properties of the oral fluid are due to the acid-alkaline balance. The examination results showed that enamel resistance decreases in children with a significant number of teeth affected by caries. The studied indicators always had the worst values in children with a decompensated degree of caries activity, regardless of age, which determines the presence of a cariogenic situation in the oral cavity of these children, which contributes to a further decrease in enamel resistance and the possibility of caries. Considering the multifactorial nature of the etiology of caries, it is necessary to continue the study of the relationship between the occurrence of caries in children, the influence of oral fluid, and the morphological features of the chewing surface.