Electromygraphic potential of mastication muscles of patients with hearing deprivation and dental anomalies

Abstract

One of the important etiological factors in the occurrence of bite pathology is improper work of the muscles of the maxillofacial area. That is why the study of the muscles of the maxillofacial area in normal conditions and with various pathologies of the bite acquire the greatest relevance among scientists all over the world. The purpose of the study is to determine the functional state of musculus masseter and musculus temporalis in children and adolescents with hearing deprivation. Surface electromyography of musculus masseter and musculus temporalis was performed in 25 children and adolescents with hearing deprivation in a state of physiological rest and with maximum jaw clenching. All examined had 100% bite pathology. The obtained results were compared with the results of hearing patients with a physiological bite and patients with orthodontic pathology without hearing pathology. An electromyographic study of masticatory muscles in teenagers with hearing loss allowed us to assess their range of variability, the symmetry of their work during rest and the functional test of maximum voluntary jaw clenching. Increased biological activity of the masticatory muscles during physiological rest of deaf persons compared to hearing persons with both physiological occlusion and occlusion pathology was established (р˂0.05; р˂0.01).