Prevalence and diagnostics aspects of akantolytic pemphigus in dentisn's practice

Abstract

The article presents investigation of spreadness and clinic-morphologyc forms of pemphigus structure among the population of Poltava region and aspects of cytological diagnostics on the early stages of diseases. Objects and methods of investigation: analysis of medical carts of patients with acantolytic pemphigus, which had treatment on base of regional dermatologyc-venerologic dyspancery and person which came to department of therapeutic stomatology without diagnose are made. Patients had general clinical examination and cytology investigation. Morphological features of acantholytic cells are round or oval shape, size a smaller that in normal epithelial cells. This cells characterized of basophilic nucleus and cytoplasm, presence in nucleus of 2-3 big nucleolus and light-blue perinuclear area. Cytoplasm is unevenly painted. Along the periphery of the cell-thickening of color in the form of the intense blue of the rim - a zone of concentration of the dye. Our research shows that the acantholytic cells can form cells symplast that contain multiple cores. Methods of determining the acantholytic cells is relatively simple and minimally invasive, but not reliable. Since the primary stage at diagnosis and remission phase of the disease to determine the acantholytic cells are very difficult. Тhe phenomenon of acantholysis, degenerative changes plasmolemma and vacuolization of the cytoplasm of epithelial cells, which are an intermediate stage of degenerative changes in the formation of Tsank's cells. In particularly difficult clinical situations, recommend dynamic of three cytological observation and highly specific methods of using lektinogisto-chemistry.