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Документ A clinical case of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in a 12-year-old child(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2022) Tsvirenko, S. M.; Ananevych, O. I.; Voloshyna, V. V.; Laktionova, V. M.; Savchenko, L. V.; Цвіренко, Світлана Миколаївна; Ананевич, Олена Іванівна; Волошина, Вікторія Валеріївна; Лактіонова, В. М.; Савченко, Леся ВолодимирівнаThe fourth wave of the SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic was characterized by an incidence increase of the disease in all ages children. In most cases, the disease course in children was much easier than in adults. However, an increase in the cases number of children with coronavirus showed that some pediatric patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection developed a nonspecific hyperinflammatory syndrome. According to most observations, a multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) usually occurs 2-6 weeks after coronavirus disease in previously healthy children and adolescents. It is characterized by clinical and laboratory evidence of multiorgan inflammation. The article presents a clinical case of a pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with coronavirus infection in school-age children. The patient developed a gradual MIS-C development after asymptomatic coronavirus infection. The disease onset was characterized by nonspecific symptoms resembling the clinic of a respiratory infection. In the dynamics of the MIS-C formation, there was a lesion of the respiratory, cardiovascular, hepatobiliary systems, and skin, with the development of poly-organ failure syndrome. Therapy conducted by current recommendations contributed to the complete disease regression, and examination three months after recovery showed no abnormalities in the child's health.Документ A look at modern achievements and prospects for the development of higher medical education through the prism of bioethics(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2022) Panasenko, S. I.; Kerbazh, N. R.; Panasenko, T. V.; Drabovskiy, V. S.; Панасенко, Сергій Іванович; Кербаж, Нізар Ріда; Панасенко, Т. В.; Драбовський, Віталій СергійовичThe rapid progress of biomedical sciences and medical technologies in recent decades and their application in medical practice have posed new ethical dilemmas to higher medical schools and society. The number of articles in mass and professional journals testifies to the topic’s importance and the concern of higher medical school teachers. The central role of ethics in medical practice cannot be overestimated. Medicine implies specific fundamental values, such as saving lives and alleviating suffering. These values distinguish medicine from other sciences and involve some special responsibilities, particularly for doctors and other members of the medical profession and especially for those seeking medical education. The work aimed to study the achievements and prospects for the development of higher medical education from the standpoint of bioethics based on an analytical review of scientific sources of information. The concept proposed by the famous American philosophers Tom Beechamp and James Childress, covered in the work «Principles of Biomedical Ethics», has received the most comprehensive recognition. The authors put forward four basic, fundamental principles of biomedical ethics: autonomy, the desire not to harm, work for the patient’s benefit, and justice. Conclusions: 1. Higher Medical School of Ukraine, despite the constant dynamic changes in the structure of science and education, remains at the appropriate level, but the state of the modern health care system forces doctors to work with a constantly increasing ethical issues number and its nature. 2. Teachers of higher medical and educational establishments must continuously monitor changes in the medical and ethical orientation of the health care system as a whole. 3. With the correct and proper provision of medical education to the student on the principles of medical and biological ethics continuously throughout the training period, great success can be achieved in stabilizing the psycho-emotional population state and representing Ukraine’s global interests to the world communityДокумент Anatomical features of the soft tissue structures of the proximal humeral diaphysis revealed by the magnetic resonance imaging(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2022) Kononenko, S. V.; Pelypenko, О. V.; Кононенко, Сергій Володимирович; Пелипенко, Олександр ВасильовичTreatment of humeral diaphysis fractures requires in-depth knowledge of the variant anatomy of the muscular component and other soft tissue structures. The analysis of the findings of magnetic resonance imaging enables the study of the anatomical features without the use of cadaveric material. The aim of the study is to determine the anatomical features of the soft tissue structures of the proximal humeral diaphysis based on the findings of magnetic resonance imaging. 73 consecutive standard MRI scans of the humerus of patients aged 17 to 72 years have been analyzed. The average age of the patients was 48 years; the average age of women and men was 49 and 47 years, respectively. Methods of nonparametric statistics have been used in data processing. After studying and processing the MRI-resulting data, three groups of patients were identified depending on the age and gender. Individual anthropometric parameters of deltoid muscle, greater pectoral muscle, teres major muscle and the broadest muscle of the back have been determined, namely, the width, thickness, and distance from the apex of the greater tubercle to the upper boundary of the insertion site on the humeral diaphysis. Age and gender differences in anthropometric data have been differentiated. The examination of the greater pectoral muscle revealed a clear laminarity of the muscle portions and the retrograde nature of the points of its attachment to the humeral diaphysis relative to their sites of origin. Teres major muscle, in all subjects, had a single-vector fiber structure. The site of insertion of the teres major muscle, in all subjects, was below the site of attachment of the broadest muscle of the back to the humerus. Elderly women, as compared to men of this age group and young and middle-aged women, have a dramatic decrease in anthropometric biofunctional parameters of the deltoid muscle, greater pectoral muscle, teres major muscle and the broadest muscle of the back. This phenomenon indicates the clear age and gender distribution of bone fragment displacement in humeral diaphysis fracturesДокумент Aspects of prediction of vascular disorders in humerus fractures(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2022) Liakhovskyi, V. I.; Honcharov, A. V.; Kovaliov, O. S.; Ляховський, Віталій Іванович; Гончаров, Артем Володимирович; Ковальов, Олександр СергійовичРезюме. Ушкодження судин при переломах кісток скелету виникають у 1,5% випадків. Причиною цих порушень можуть виступати як прямі так і опосередковані фактори впливу кісткових відламків на судинний компонент. Це призводить до гемодинамічних порушень, виникнення артеріальних та венозних тромботичних ускладнень. Прогностична оцінка виникнення ушкодження артерій та вен плеча потребує глибоких знань їх анатомо-топографічних особливостей в нормі та при варіантних змінах. Магнітно-резонансна томографія значно полегшує вивчення індивідуальних анатомічних особливостей великої кількості пацієнтів. Під час прогнозування ризику розвитку гемодинамічних розладів у пацієнтів з переломами діафізу плечової кістки практично відсутнє урахування біомеханічної дії м’язового компоненту. Значну роль у попереджені пошкодження судин відіграють методи транспортної іммобілізації ушкодженої кінцівки. Мета дослідження. Дослідження варіантних топографо-анатомічних особливостей розташування судин плеча з подальшою розробкою плану прогностичних та діагностичних заходів попередження їх ушкодження в залежності від типу зміщення кісткових відламків при переломах плечової кістки. Об’єкт і методи дослідження. Було проведено дослідження 32 МРТ-скани, які були виконано пацієнтам віком від 18 до 68 років з причин, не пов’язаних із з наявністю патологічних порушень судинного, м’язового та кісткового компонентів плечового сегменту. До клінічної групи увійшло 36 пацієнтів віком від 23 до 85 років із закритими переломами діафізарної ділянки плечової кістки. При обробці даних використовувалися методи непараметричної статистики. Результати. Після обробки та вивчення результатів досліджень анатомо-топографічної групи виявлено індивідуальні та гендерні особливості розташування плечової артерії, плечової та базилярної вен. Диференційовано їх просторове взаєморозташування з групами м’язів проксимального відділу плечового сегменту. При дослідженні клінічної групи проведено диференціацію застосованих методів транспортної іммобілізації на дошпитальному етапі, проведено аналіз вектору та характеру зміщення кісткових відламків при переломах діафізу плечової кістки. Виявлено віковий взаємозв’язок між рівнем перелому та типом зміщення. Ризик ушкодження судин проксимального відділу плеча є високим при аддукційному типі перелому діафізарної ділянки. Поглиблення знань клінічної анатомії та взаємозв’язків різних типів м’якотканинних структур з діафізарною ділянкою плечової кістки дозволить попередити виникнення можливості прямого чи опосередкованого ушкодження судин плеча, скоротити термін періоду непрацездатності пацієнтів та знизити рівень інвалідизації;Документ Axial spondyloarthritis. Clinical definition and diagnostic approaches(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2022-12-07) Zhdan, V. M.; Volchenko, H. V.; Babanina, M. Yu.; Tkachenko, M. V.; Kyrian, O. A.; Ждан, Вячеслав Миколайович; Волченко, Григорій Вілійович; Бабаніна, Марина Юріївна; Ткаченко, Максим Васильович; Кир'ян, Олена АнатоліївнаThe diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis is quite difficult and often delayed. Therefore, the goal of our work was to provide doctors with diagnostic guidelines, which are summarized in modern literature, as well as a methodology for planning a diagnostic search. A timely diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis, regardless of its subsequent clinical evolution, allows one to switch from symptomatic to specific basic treatment as early as possible. The combination of sacroiliitis, spondylitis, and generalized enthesitis in a patient with chronic back pain is highly suggestive of axial spondyloarthritis. A condition for timely diagnosis is the correct assessment of the inflammatory nature of back pain. Pain relief on the background of physical activity, aggravation at night, improvement after morning activation, indistinct onset, and age up to 40 years are considered. With a high probability, axial spondyloarthritis is diagnosed with long-term back pain of an inflammatory nature in young people in the presence of sacroiliitis or HLA-B27 positivity in combination with specific additional signs. It is essential that this diagnosis remains legitimate even in the absence of radiological changes. Any case of chronic back pain syndrome, especially in adolescence or early adulthood, in the presence of X-ray changes in the spine requires a differential diagnosis with axial spondyloarthritis. The separation of axial spondyloarthritis into an independent clinical form among the group of chronic inflammatory spondyloarthropathies is due to the evolution of the possibilities of modern early pathogenetically directed basic treatment, which often provides a dramatic improvement in the course of the disease and the functional state of patients, reduces the risks of exacerbation, hospitalization, and disability.Документ Challenges of teaching pathomorphology in wartime(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2022) Babenko, V. I.; Starchenko, I. I.; Fylenko, B. M.; Royko, N. V.; Nikolenko, D. Ye.; Бабенко, Вікторія Ігорівна; Старченко, Іван Іванович; Филенко, Борис Миколайович; Ройко, Наталія Віталіївна; Ніколенко, Дмитро ЄвгенійовичMedical education is one of the most important educational segments in Ukraine and worldwide. To increase the competitiveness of our students, the faculty members must constantly modernize the educational process in the current conditions of the pandemic of coronavirus infection and the undeclared war of aggression of russia against Ukraine. The aim of the work was to highlight the key issues of teaching pathomorphology and features of the organization of the educational process in wartime. Pathomorphology plays an important role in the diagnostic process and helps the future physician to understand the symptomatic and syndromic aspects of most diseases and forms a clear and systematic view of the nosological nature of pathology in the study at the organ, tissue and cellular levels. Under the coronavirus pandemic, the educational process was transformed into a distance form, and later into a mixed one. It was during this period that the first wave of declining students’ motivation to actively and persistently obtain new information was noticeable. Therefore, one of the priority areas of work with students during distance learning is their motivation, which requires high organizational skills of the faculty staff members with proper coordination of learning with an individualized approach to each student to ensure interest in the subject. Each graduate has the opportunity to receive full information on the subject «Pathomorphology» on the website of the Department of Pathological Anatomy with the autopsy course and in the repository of the university for productive self-training. Against the background of a long pandemic, the hostilities that suddenly began in our country led to a very deep psycho-emotional shock, which had a wave-like course with the development of posttraumatic stress disorder. Consequently, the motivation to study and work has significantly decreased among students and faculty members. Therefore, in wartime, we must take into account not only material resources, technical support and access to Internet resources, but also the psychological state of students and faculty staff. In the current challenging times, it is necessary to constantly search for the advanced teaching methods in order to ensure a full-fledge educational process. Also, in addition to the continuous mastery of skills in the use of the stateof-the-art technologies, which are being constantly updated, it is important to improve knowledge of psychological pedagogy, which is crucial in wartime.Документ Choice of methods of conducting sanitary and educational work among children of organized collectives(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2022) Pavlenkova, O. S.; Павленкова, Оксана СергіївнаThe relevance of measures for the prevention of dental diseases remains at a high level, especially, this issue concerns children. Measures aimed at preventing the occurrence of dental diseases, namely dental caries, should be started at a very early age. Based on previous experience of hygiene lessons, for maximum perception of information by students, volunteers are guided by this theory, using the most correct and adapted style of learning, presentation of information, namely: visualization, audio, kinesthetic and digital types. Assessing and analyzing childrens;s reaction to the submission of material by volunteers, some children react quickly and interact with lecturers, while others lag behind. This is not due to the mental activity of students, but as a result of different types of temperament of children. Temperament does not affect a persons mental abilities, but is manifested in motility, physical activity, emotionality. This is a broader concept than character. Temperament is an innate feature of each persons character. It determines behavior, emotional state, all mental processes. In psychology, there are 4 types of childrens temperament: choleric (easily excitable, restless, emotional, energetic, prone to rapid mood swings, sometimes even aggressive children, it is difficult to predict how such a child will behave in a new environment), sanguine (sociable, restrained, balanced, smiling, cheerful, inquisitive, active child (who is almost always in a good mood), phlegmatic (restrained, diligent, thoughtful, but silent child, who is peaceful, tries to avoid conflict situations and not to violate her usual routine), melancholic, closed and gloomy, who is not confident in their abilities and needs help when you need to make the right choice). Consequently, sanitary and educational work among children of organized children's groups is the main one for the «Posmishka» volunteer squad, since, despite the modern assortment of dental products, modern medical technologies, and the availability of passive information, the prevalence of dental diseases is only increasing. Hygiene lessons, which involve different types of perception and taking into account the types of temperament, are much more effective than lectures, which are monotonous presentation of information.Документ Combined action of antimycotics and essential oils on the reference candida strain in vitro(2022) Bobrova, N. O.; Ananieva, M. M.; Vazhnichaya, E. M.; Vlasenko, N. O.; Deviatkina, N. M.; Боброва, Нелля Олександрівна; Ананьєва, Майя Миколаївна; Важнича, Олена Митрофанівна; Власенко, Наталія Олександрівна; Дев'яткіна, Тетяна ОлексіївнаДокумент Correcting disorders of parotid gland secretion in patients with neurogenic salivary adenitis(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2022) Havryliev, V. M.; Ivanytska, O. S.; Boiko, I. V.; Bukhanchenko, O. P.; Khattu, V. V.; Гаврильєв, Віктор Миколайович; Іваницька, Олена Сергіївна; Бойко, Ігор Васильович; Буханченко, Ольга Петрівна; Хатту, Вікторія ВіталіївнаThe salivary glands are highly sensitive to neural influences, which is why the study assessing their conditioned reflex activity is quite relevan. Nonetheless, their reactive changes that occur as a result of such generalized disorders as neuropathy are the least studied among all of the salivary gland diseases. Today, the number of neuropathy patients is growing steadily due to the active development of the technosphere. In fact, extrafocal neuropathy reflects reactions in response to stressful situations and the development of functional disorders in all parenchymal organs as a result of these factors (including large salivary glands with subsequent chronic inflammation). The issue of neurogenic salivary adenitis (NSA) is given very little attention in the modern body of literature. The research aims to develop a differentiated approach to correcting functional disorders of the parotid glands in patients with elevated psychological responses. Depending on the severity of neurogenic salivary adenitis, the following treatment measures were prescribed to patients with the parotid gland dysfunction: duct bougienage of the studied glands, their massage, ectericide and proteolytic enzyme (trypsin) instillation into the ducts, electrophoresis of the affected gland area with 5% ascorbic acid solution, professional oral cavity hygiene procedures at the dentist’s office, Persen-forte, Drotaverine, retinol acetate, and AlfaVit multivitamin supplement. The treatment and prevention programs that were prescribed to NSA patients contributed to the elimination of the pathological process in the affected salivary glands in most patients (according to cytological secretion examination), improving their morphofunctional state, as well as the general somatic condition of patients (by reducing anxiety level).Документ Correction of metabolic disorders in parodontal tissues of rats caused by streptozocin-indused diabetic neuropathy(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2022) Kotvytska, A. A.; Kryvoruchko, T. D.; Neporada, K. S.; Berehovyi, S. M.; Котвицька, Аліна Анатоліївна; Криворучко, Тетяна Дмитрівна; Непорада, Каріне Степанівна; Береговий, Сергій МихайловичThe prevalence of diabetes has increased significantly in recent years. The latest Diabetes Atlas IDF data shows that 0.5 billion adults worldwide live with diabetes. The most common complication of diabetes is peripheral diabetic neuropathy, which leads to the development of pathological changes in the nervous system and blood vessels and significantly reduces the quality of life of patients. An urgent problem today is the search for effective drugs to correct polyneuropathy and other complications of diabetes. Our attention was drawn to the metabolic drug Cocarnit, which contains 20 mg of nicotinamide, 50 mg of cocarboxylase, 500 mcg of cyanocobalamin, 10 mg of disodium adenosine triphosphate trihydrate. The aim of our study was to investigate the effectiveness of Cocarnit in the correction of periodontal syndrome in rats with diabetic polyneuropathy.Документ Emotional intelligence and manipulations in the educational process in higher medical educational institutions(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2022) Fedorchenko, V. I.; Polianska, V. P.; Zvyagolska, I. M.; Derevіanko, T. V.; Bobrova, N. O.; Федорченко, Віра Іванівна; Полянська, Валентина Павлівна; Звягольська, Ірина Миколаївна; Дерев’янко, Тетяна Василівна; Боброва, Нелля ОлександрівнаA teacher of higher education institutions should be aware of the achievements of psychology in order to create a harmonious atmosphere with students. One of the general competencies provided by the educational program is the choice of interaction strategy. It is the subject of this article. Competent construction of interaction between the participants of the educational process is an essential component for the formation of the ability of applicants for higher medical education to choose constructive communication strategies in their occupation. Knowledge and practical skills acquired in social interaction during the grad days are fundamental in professional activity. The effectiveness of his activities largely depends on his communicative skills. These skills apply to the nature of each doctor’s relationship with patients, subordinates, colleagues, and the management of the medical institution. Conclusions. 1. Today is characterized by the growing importance of awareness of the teacher about the achievements of psychology. 2. The teacher should choose strategies for the interaction of individuals in the learning process to optimize the process. 3. The competent construction of interaction between the participants of the educational process is an important component of the ability to choose constructive communication strategies for future doctorsДокумент Enamel resistance of temporary teeth in children 3-6 years old and influence of oral fluids on it(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2022) Kaskova, L. F.; Sadovski, M. O.; Каськова, Людмила Федорівна; Садовські, Марина ОлександрівнаThe study of the biophysical parameters of oral fluid in children is essential in predicting the occurrence of caries and developing effective prevention programs. The properties of the oral fluid determine the resistance of enamel to caries. This study aimed to determine the indicators of oral fluid in children aged 3-6 years (hydrogen index (pH), mineralizing potential of oral fluid) and their effect on the acid resistance of enamel, taking into account the dental status. The mineralizing properties of the oral fluid are due to the acid-alkaline balance. The examination results showed that enamel resistance decreases in children with a significant number of teeth affected by caries. The studied indicators always had the worst values in children with a decompensated degree of caries activity, regardless of age, which determines the presence of a cariogenic situation in the oral cavity of these children, which contributes to a further decrease in enamel resistance and the possibility of caries. Considering the multifactorial nature of the etiology of caries, it is necessary to continue the study of the relationship between the occurrence of caries in children, the influence of oral fluid, and the morphological features of the chewing surface.Документ Establishing the relationship between the level of interleukin-18 and the state of periodontium in children of primary-school-age with chronic catarrhal gingivitis and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2022) Sheshukova, O. V.; Kuz, I. O.; Maksymenko, A. I.; Trufanova, V. P.; Polishchuk, T. V.; Mosiienko, A. S.; Kazakova, K. S.; Шешукова, Ольга Вікторівна; Кузь, Ірина Олексіївна; Максименко, Аліна Іванівна; Труфанова, Валентина Петрівна; Поліщук, Тетяна Вікторівна; Мосієнко, Анна Сергіївна; Казакова, Катерина СтаніславівнаInsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for inflammatory periodontal disease in children and adolescents. The study aimed to determine the dental status and study the content of pro-inflammatory IL-18 in oral fluid in primary school children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and to develop an algorithm for predicting IL-18 levels in oral fluid of children with chronic catarrhal gingivitis in type I diabetes mellitus background by establishing a relationship between the level of IL-18 and the assessment index of periodontal tissues according to the Sillness scale, Loe. The study examined 82 children aged six to fourteen years, including 56 with type I diabetes and 26 without concomitant somatic diseases. The IL-18 amount in the oral fluid to characterize the inflammation in the oral cavity organs was determined. The IL-18 value increases with the periodontal index and bleeding gums during probing. It is consistent with the data of scientific studies on IL-18 amount in the oral fluid of adults without diabetes. Our study results also show that an increase in the IL-18 value in oral fluid is closely related to type I diabetes in children. Moreover, in our opinion, IL-18 can be considered a potential biomarker of inflammation in periodontal disease in children with type I diabetes mellitus, the clinical manifestations of which are not yet visible. We found that IL-18 levels are elevated even in the absence of clinical gingivitis manifestations. Therefore, establishing IL-18 pathogenetic significance in chronic catarrhal gingivitis on the background of type I diabetes is extremely important.Документ Etiopathogenesis problems of the nasal mucosa at atrophic rhinitis(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2022) Bezega, M. I.; Bezshapochnyy, S. B.; Loburets, V. V.; Loburets, A. V.; Bondarenko, R. V.; Bondarenko, V. V.; Dzhirov, O. R.; Безега, Михайло Іванович; Безшапочний, Сергій Борисович; Лобурець, Валерій Васильович; Лобурець, Андрій Валерійович; Бондаренко, Руслан Валерійович; Бондаренко, Валерій Володимирович; Джіров, Олексій РомановичThe article presents and considers common problems of etiology and pathogenesis of atrophic rhinitis in our time. Atrophy of the nasal mucosa is relevant and widespread today. Given the complicated etiopathogenetic mechanism, this pathology can lead to nasal cavity complications, such as impaired mucociliary clearance and evacuation function of the nasal mucosa and physiological, histological, and morphological changes in nasal mucosa atrophy. We analyzed an extensive studies number on the pathogenetic aspects of the development of the nasal mucosa atrophic changes that may affect its development, namely: vascular disorders of nasal tissues microcirculation, genetic predisposition, hypoxia of mucous tissues, climate change, environmental conditions, labor conditions, bad habits, exposure to drugs and the mental state of the patient that provoke the atrophic phenomena development and lead to ciliated epithelium dysfunction due to changes in the vascular bed. Another critical factor in the development of nasal mucosa atrophy is damage to the chemical composition of nasal secretions. A weak clinical picture complicates the diagnosis of these pathological conditions because it begins to disturb the patient only in the critical disease stages, which significantly complicates the patient’s treatment. If we ignore this problem, it can progress and provoke more severe complications up to nasal septum perforation, deformation of the outer nose or ozena, and cause disorders of other organs and systems or patient’s mentalityДокумент Evaluation and self-assessment of media literacy level of medical university students with an undergraduate degree and those who are high school graduates: there is still work to be done(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2022) Ivanytska, T. A.; Petrov, Ye. Ye.; Burmak, Yu. G.; Kuzmenko, N. V.; Sakevych, V. D.; Іваницька, Тетяна Анатоліївна; Петров, Євген Євгенович; Бурмак, Юрій Григорович; Кузьменко, Наталія Валентинівна; Сакевич, Вікторія ДмитрівнаThe article highlights the main components of media competence. Special attention is paid to the level of media literacy of medical university students. The survey showed that there was no significant difference between the level of media literacy among undergraduate students and high school graduates. But there is a noticeable difference in the practical use of these soft skills, especially when using medical information. The majority of students of higher medical education believe they have media literacy skills and independently search for the necessary data on the Internet without noticing the source of information. Only 35% of respondents are interested in the author of the message or article. When preparing for classes, more than 75% of students use textbooks. Among high school graduates, only 20% use specialized medical databases, in the group with undergraduate degree, this share is below 10%. Almost 40% of high school graduates do not check the reliability of the source of medical information. To improve the skills of medical university students for selective perception of information, teachers of clinical disciplines should pay more attention to the development of critical thinking skills and data analysis of the professional information.Документ Family relations in the perinatal period (literature review)(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2022) Ісаков, Рустам Ісроїлович; Isakov, R. I.З соціологічної точки зору, сім’я – це структура, призначена для відтворення людини, яка об’єднує людей взаємними життєвими умовами та відповідальністю та заснована на кровній спорідненості та шлюбі. Крім того, сім’я – це психологічне співтовариство окремих особистостей зі складними стосунками. Метою даної роботи є опис та систематизація психологічних аспектів структури сім’ї, яка планує народження дитини, особливостей її функціонування та динаміки. Точки зламу в сім’ї можна визначити за такими ознаками: - Можливість датувати та локалізувати переломні точки в часі та просторі, що відрізняє їх від хронічного психологічного травматичного досвіду; - Стійка емоційна реакція у відповідь; - Витрати більшості часу та зусиль на адаптацію, ніж на реакцію на щоденні перевантаження. Вагітність і пологи повністю відповідають цим критеріям, незважаючи на їх фізіологічність. Реалізація репродуктивної функції пов’язана як зі створенням сім’ї, так і з глибокою перебудовою її системи. Вагітність ініціює каскад серйозних трансформацій у тілесному та психічному стані вагітної жінки. Ці процеси здебільшого визначають функціональність сім’ї та взаємовідносини її членів і вторинно впливають на стан майбутньої матері. Кожен етап розвитку сім’ї може мати певний вплив на вагітність як початок нового життя. Розвиток сім’ї складається з наступних етапів: 1. Дошлюбні стосунки. 2. Конфронтація. 3. Компроміс. 4. Стабільні подружні стосунки. 5. Експерименти з незалежністю. 6. Відродження. Закономірність чергування цих етапів простежується в більшості випадків вивчення динаміки сімейних відносин. Перинатальні психологи та психотерапевти навряд чи можуть вирішити свої професійні завдання, не знаючи структури сім’ї, яка планує пологи, а також функціонування та динаміку сім’ї. Перинатальний психолог повинен вміти своєчасно розпізнати можливі сценарії дисгармонійних сімейних стосунків і запобігти конфлікту або сприяти його конструктивному вирішенню.Документ Features of children’s prosthetics with plural adentia complicated ectodermal dysplasia (clinical case)(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2022) Smaglyuk, L. V.; Kulish, N. V.; Karasiunok, A. E.; Смаглюк, Любов Вікентіївна; Куліш, Неля Володимирівна; Карасюнок, Анна ЄвгеніївнаThe article presents data on the treatment of a patient in the period of temporary occlusion with multiple adentia on the background of anhydrotic ectodermal dysplasia using a prosthetic method. In such patients, the shape of the face is sharply disturbed before dentures due to a significant shortening of its lower part, the protrusion of thickened lips, sagging of the bottom of the mouth as a result of low location of the tongue. Toothless children due to poor nutrition lag behind in growth, suffer from their aesthetic shortcomings, need dental prosthetics from 3 years. In the absence of teeth, the absence of growth of alveolar processes in height is defined. Due to the formation of defects of teeth and dentitions are formed differently oriented on the planes and the severity of the anomaly of the dental system or its deformation. Teeth, especially the front group, are of great importance in the formation of sound and the formation of purity of speech, the formation of facial aesthetics. No less important is the factor of psychological trauma and the formation of the child’s character. Given the complexity of the defect of the dentition of the upper and lower jaws, complete removable dentures were used to create conditions for recovery of masticatory function, swallowing, speech, activation and development of the maxillofacial muscles, recovery of facial height. In the process of making prostheses, it is important to remember the peculiarities of growth and development at the appropriate age. Structures should not impair oral hygiene and have good fixation and stabilization, especially in the case of edentulous jaws. Knowledge of the principles of orthopedic care, and types of dentures used in multiple defects of the dentition will allow dentists to timely prosthetics of patients with defects of the dentition and prevent complex deformities of the dental apparatus. In patients with congenital malformations, the restoration of a full-fledged masticatory apparatus and facial aesthetics will allow them to fully adapt to society.Документ Features of the influence of ubistesin on the state of pulp microcirculation and the quality of the anesthetic effect during mandibular anesthesia in adolescent children(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2022) Avetikov, D. S.; Lokes, K. P.; Bilash, S. M.; Pronina, O. M.; Streblovkyi, D. V.; Аветіков, Давид Соломонович; Локес, Катерина Петрівна; Білаш, Сергій Михайлович; Проніна, Олена Миколаївна; Стебловський, Дмитро ВалерійовичCurrently, in modern children's dentistry, various local anesthetics and methods of anesthesia are actively used, which affect the characteristics of pulpal blood flow and pulpal anesthesia in human teeth. This study aims to study the effect of ubisthesin injection during mandibular anesthesia on the state of pulp microcirculation and the quality and prolongation of the anesthetic effect in the treatment of molars and premolars of the lower jaw. Thirty adolescents who underwent treatment of medium and deep caries under mandibular anesthesia took part in the study. The pulp reopletismography technique was used to determine the quality of the effect of ubistezin on the above parameters. The Pulptest-Pro device was used to assess tooth sensitivity and pulp anesthesia. The obtained data made it possible to establish the probable absence of significant changes in the microcirculation of the pulp and the prolonged effect of this medicine on pain sensations and pain syndrome. The duration of mandibular anesthesia was 81.40 min for molars and 83.50 min for premolars. The impact of ubisthesin on blocking the inferior alveolar and lingual nerves without creating a depot of anesthetic, without reducing the blood flow of the pulp of molars and premolars of the lower jaw with the delayed removal of the local anesthetic solution from the affected tissues was established.Документ Influence of postmenopause on the formation of chronic heart failure in women with arterial hypertension(Полтавський державний медичний університет м.Полтава, Україна, 2022-11-02) Казаков, Юрій Михайлович; Чекаліна, Наталія Ігорівна; Плакса, Вікторія Михайлівна; Kazakov, Y. M.; Chekalina, N. I.; Plaksa, V. M.Chronic heart failure (CHF) is the leading cause of disability and mortality in the population, the prevalence of which is steadily increasing. CHF is three times more common in late postmenopausal women. The purpose of the work is the analysis of modern scientific ideas about the pathogenesis of CHF with arterial hypertension (AH) in postmenopausal conditions. The review presents the main ideas about the pathogenesis of CHF, the influence of hypoestrogeny on the molecular mechanisms of the development of hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, myocardial fibrosis, myocardial remodeling, and osteodysmetabolism. The leading role of the activation of systemic inflammation in the development of CHF, their importance in the postmenopausal period is indicated. The pro-inflammatory molecular cascades involved in the formation of CHF in postmenopausal women are presented. Common links were found in the pathogenesis of hypertension, CHF and processes accompanying postmenopause. Potential early markers of the development of CHF are presented, and possible directions of therapeutic influence are indicated. The review systematizes modern ideas about the pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of CHF in postmenopausal women against the background of hypertension, which determines the prospects for solving the problematic issues of diagnosis and treatment of CHF.Документ Injury of temporary and permanent teeth in children: theraputic approach(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2022-12-14) Gurzhiy, O. V.; Kolomiiets, S. V.; Kulay, O. O.; Гуржій, Олена Вікторівна; Коломієць, Світлана Веніамінівна; Кулай, Ольга ОлександрівнаAccording to literature data, tooth damage in children is 3.5% of the total maxillofacial injuries. The child's age determines tooth trauma features and depends on the stage of tooth root formation and the action of the traumatic factor. And as a result of such interaction, the predictability of the course after receiving an injury, the possibility or impossibility of restoring the functions of the maxillofacial area, which requires the provision of timely qualified assistance to the child in total. Based on the systematic analysis and generalization of current scientific information, proposing effective treatment methods for trauma to temporary and permanent teeth in children will ensure positive long-term results. Conducted scientific research and generalization of the obtained data from literary sources of Ukrainian and foreign scientists based on such databases as Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, and PubMed, the study of which does not exceed ten years, including monographs and results of clinical studies. The analysis of scientific literature shows that the choice of treatment tactics and its success largely depends on a thorough examination of the patient and the correct diagnosis of the received injury. The application of additional instrumental research methods, treatment planning, and follow-up are essential for achieving a favorable result. The prognosis of teeth after trauma depends on the type of traumatic damage, emergency care, and the time that has passed before dental manipulation. The international association of dental traumatology recommendations help dentists choose the correct management algorithm for a patient with an acute dental injury.