Использование иппотерапии в реабилитационно-профилактическом лечении детского церебрального паралича

Abstract

Вопросы физической и медицинской реабилитации детей с органическими поражениями нервной системы, в частности, с детским церебральным параличом, являются актуальными в странах всего мира. Иппотерапия - это нейрофизиологически ориентированная терапия с использованием лоша¬ди. Благодаря специфике движений лошади с помощью слабых координационных реакций тренируются удержание равновесия и компенсаторные мышечные сокращения. Иппотерапия может служить методом обучения новым «позам и движениям», подготовкой локомоторного аппарата к обучению ходьбе; Питання фізичної та медичної реабілітації дітей з органічними ураженнями нервової системи, зокрема, з дитячим церебральним паралічом, є актуальними в країнах усього світу. Іппотерапія -це не- йрофізіологично орієнтована терапія з використанням коней. Завдяки специфіці рухів коней за допомогою слабких координаційних реакцій є тренування удержання рівноваги і компенсаторні м’язові скорочення. Іп- потерапія може бути методом навчання новим «позам та рухам», підготовкою локомоторного аппарату до навчання ходи; Matters of physical and medical rehabilitation of children with organic lesions of the nervous system, in particular, with cerebral palsy, are actual in countries around the world. Number of children with this disease is stable for many years. In connection with innovative technologies in neonatology, intensive therapy premature infants that maintain life even born with a weight of 500 Gram increases the number of patients who need early rehabilitation activities. The notion of cerebral palsy covers a group of symptoms that manifest due to lesions of the brain of the child in utero, intranatal and early postnatal periods. The most frequent causes of cerebral palsy are: tissue hypoxia of the brain, bleeding in the brain, natal trauma, infection of the brain, etc. There is a theory of genetic pathology of children as one of the factors of cerebral palsy. So 30% of children suffering from cerebral palsy, the etiology of the disease is not detected. Cerebral palsy is not a progressive disease, it is manifested the child’s inability to keep their own body in a vertical position, to perform their own voluntary movements. Characteristic of cerebral palsy is a disorder of muscle tone, incoordination of movements, abnormal poses and locomotion, impaired psychomotor development, defect feeling own body in space. Hippotherapy - it neurophysiologically oriented therapy using horses. Due to the specificity of horse movements by means of weak coordination reactions train balance and retention of compensatory muscle contractions. Sensorimotor proprioceptive stimulation enshrines close to normal motor response of the patient, at the same time increases the amount of motor activity in the joints. In hippotherapy, almost exclusively used by the movement of horses step. Step - is four stroke allyur. Stepping sequence consists of eight phases. The body is alternately supported by the horse 3 feet by 2 feet diagonally or two feet from one side. Thus, the proposed integration of hippotherapy program complex effects on muscle spirals children with spastic forms of cerebral palsy is physiologically and anthropologically based on 4-5 day training children adequately transferred the full amount of lessons learned new posture and movement, hippotherapy does not cause complications from the somatic and psycho-emotional state of children, hippotherapy allows sensorimotor and psychomotor effects, save and normalize muscle tone for a longer period (up to three months), compared with traditional methods of physiotherapy. Hippotherapy can serve as a method of learning a new “postures and movements,” the preparation of the locomotor apparatus to learn walking.