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Biomechanical aspects of postural control of the human body
(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2022) Strashko, Ye. Yu.; Morokhovets, H. Yu.; Stetsenko, S. А.; Berezhna, V. A. ; Kondratieva, Ye. О.; Horsha, O. V.; Stetsuk, Ye. V.; Страшко, Євген Юрійович; Мороховець, Галина Юріївна; Стеценко, Сергій Анатолійович; Бережна, Варвара Анатоліївна; Кондратьєва, Єлизавета Олександрівна; Горша, Оксана Вікторівна; Стецук, Євген Валерійович
Матка являє собою м'язово-еластично-колагенову систему важелів, що беруть участь у стабілізації пози жінки під час вагітності, перебуваючи в нехарактерному стані внаслідок змін сполучнотканинних елементів як матки, так позаматкових структур. При збільшенні матки під час вагітності змінюється відновлення типової постави за рахунок змін в її м'язово-еластичному апараті, а також в еластично-коллагенових зв'язках з кістками таза. Важливо, що щільна ділянка зв’язок є колагеновою структурою і є найменш еластичним компонентом цього ланцюга. Матка прикріплюється до малого тазу зсередини, а ділянки зовнішніх спіроїдних динамічних м’язових ланцюгів прикріплюються ззовні, обплітаючи тіло як гомолатерально, так і гетеролатерально. Виходячи з вищесказаного, ми припускаємо, що це синергетичні та взаємоконкуруючі біомеханічні структури. Порушення балансу цих структур може призвести до неоптимального стану організму вагітної в статиці та динаміці.
Changes in nitric oxide production and development of oxidative stress in rats heart during prolonged triptorelin-induced central deprivation of luteinizing hormone synthesis
(Poltava State Medical University, Poltava, 2022) Voroshilova, T. A.; Shepitko, V. I.; Stetsuk, Ye. V.; Akimov, O. Ye.; Puzyryov, G. S.; Ворошилова, Тетяна Анатоліївна; Шепітько, Володимир Іванович; Стецук, Євген Валерійович; Акімов, Олег Євгенович; Пузирьов, Гай Сергійович
Central deprivation of luteinizing hormone synthesis for 365 days leads to the development of oxidative stress in rat hearts. The peak of oxidative damage to the heart under these conditions happens on the 180th day of the central deprivation of luteinizing hormone synthesis. Production of nitric oxide during central deprivation of luteinizing hormone synthesis undergoes complex changes from an initial decrease of NO-synthase-dependent nitric oxide production on the 30th and 90th day to overproduction of nitric oxide from NO-synthases on the 365th day of the experiment.
Changes in the CD68+ expression of the interstitial endocrine cells during central blockage of the hypothalamus with triptorellin and the addition of quercetin in rats' testes
(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2024) Stetsuk, Ye. V.; Shepitko, V. I.; Boruta, N. V.; Rud, M. V.; Sokolenko, V. M.; Стецук, Євген Валерійович; Шепітько, Володимир Іванович; Борута, Наталія Володимирівна; Рудь, Марія Володимирівна; Соколенко, Валентина Миколаївна
The purpose of the study was to establish quantitative changes in the expression of CD68+ cells in the interstitial space and vessels of the testes under conditions of central blockade of luteinizing hormone synthesis by triptorelin with the addition of quercetin to the diet. The study was conducted on 35 sexually mature white male rats. The experimental group's animals were injected with a solution of triptorelin acetate at a rate of 0.3 mg of the active substance per kg of animal weight to simulate the central deprivation of the luteinizing hormone synthesis with the addition of quercetin. The central effect of blocking the synthesis of luteinizing hormone by triptorelin in the hypothalamus leads to an increasing increase in the distribution of the CD68 receptor in the interstitial space and in the vessels of the testis from the 30th to the 180th day of the experiment with a gradual decrease to the control indicators on the 365th day of observation. Adding the riboflavonoid quercetin to the diet significantly reduces oxidation processes and reduces triptorelin's negative impact on testicular tissue.
Changes in the trigeminal ganglion of rats with acute carrageenaninduced inflammation
(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2022) Danyliv, О. D.; Shepitko, V. I.; Yakushko, O. S.; Stetsuk, Ye. V.; Boruta, N. V.; Данилів, Оксана Дмитрівна; Шепітько, Володимир Іванович; Якушко, Олена Святославівна; Стецук, Євген Валерійович; Борута, Наталія Володимирівна
The purpose of the study was to establish the response of the components of the trigeminal ganglion in rats to aseptic inflammation under experimental conditions. The study was performed on 40 mature white male rats. Trigeminal ganglion of rats was the object of the study. The animals were divided into two groups: the control group of animals (5), which were injected with isotonic NaCl solution and the group of experimental animals (35), which were simulated acute carrageenan-induced inflammation. The rats were sacrificed within days 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, 21, and 30 under thiopental anesthesia overdose. Histological examination showed that carrageenan-induced inflammation in the trigeminal ganglion of rats had a staged course. Reactive changes in the vessels of the hemomicrocirculatory bed were most pronounced on the 5th day of observation. After that, the blood flow gradually stabilised until its complete normalization on the 14th day. Signs of reactive changes in neurons in the form of gradual oedema of the cytoplasm and nucleus and perinuclear chromatolysis were already noticed in the early stages of the experiment. The nature of the changes intensified with the increase in the observation period. Some cells showed signs of degenerative-dystrophic processes. The proliferative activity of glial cells increased in response to changes in neurons. The signs of inflammation in the parenchyma reached their maximum manifestation on the 14th day with an incomplete regeneration process for up to the 30th day.
Characteristics of structural components of intrahepatic biliary tracts in humans
(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2023) Dubinin, D. S.; Shepitko, V. I.; Dubinin, S. I.; Stetsuk, Ye. V.; Boruta, N. V.; Levchenko, O. A.; Ulanovska-Tsyba, N. A.; Дубінін, Дмитро Сергійович; Шепітько, Володимир Іванович; Дубінін, Сергій Іванович; Стецук, Євген Валерійович; Борута, Наталія Володимирівна; Левченко, Ольга Анатоліївна; Улановська-Циба, Наталія Аркадіївна
Among the most common diseases of the hepatobiliary system are chronic cholecystitis, cholangitis, gallstone disease, and post-cholecystectomy syndrome, which are increasingly prevalent. Gallstone disease affects more than 10 % of the adult population in various countries around the world. There is a doubling of the number of patients every ten years in all economically developed countries. This pathology is found in women 3-4 times more often than in men. The incidence of the disease increases with age. The intrahepatic bile ducts of humans consist of two layers: an outer adventitial layer and an inner mucosal layer. In the initial part of the liver's biliary system, the biliary pathways in the mucous membrane are composed of cuboidal epithelium resting on the basal membrane. In the middle section of the human biliary system, not only cuboidal but also columnar epithelial cells appear. In the terminal section of the biliary system, the number of columnar epithelial cells in the inner lining increases. Epithelial cells change their shape from cuboidal to columnar. The outer layer is composed of loose connective tissue, with fibroblastic cell rows and an intercellular substance containing collagen fibers and amorphous material.
Complex histological and immunohistochemical study of monocytopoiesis in rats with determination of proliferative activity by expression Ki67 and CD68+ in the experiment
(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2021) Martynenko, R. V.; Shepitko, V. I.; Stetsuk, Ye. V.; Boruta, N. V.; Yakushko, O. S.; Martynenko, V. B.; Мартиненко, Роман Віталійович; Шепітько, Володимир Іванович; Стецук, Євген Валерійович; Борута, Наталія Володимирівна; Якушко, Олена Святославівна; Мартиненко, Віталій Борисович
Ki67 is not only one of the markers of proliferation, but also an indirect determinant of the rate of cell division. CD68 is exploited as a valuable cytochemical marker to immunostain monocyte/macrophages in the histochemical analysis of inflamed tissues, tumor tissues, and other immunohistopathological applications. The purpose of the study was to determine the cell proliferation index of the monocytic line of red bone marrow using antibodies to CD68+ and Ki-67 in the control and intact groups of animals. There were established an equivalent degree of proliferative activity by progenitor cells with Ki-67 expression in the control and intact groups.
Craniotopographic anatomical individual variability and variants of the structure of the dura mater superior sagittal sinus of the skull vault in people of mature age
(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2025) Bondarenko, S. V.; Dubina, S. O.; Serbin, S. I.; Samoylenko, O. V.; Stetsuk, Ye. V.; Rud, M. V.; Vilkhova, O. V.; Бондаренко, Станіслав Володимирович; Дубина, Сергій Олександрович; Сербін, Сергій Ігорович; Самойленко, О. В.; Стецук, Євген Валерійович; Рудь, Марія Володимирівна; Вільхова, Олена Вікторівна
For our investigation, we collected cadaveric material from 45 people of different ages and gender. We are proud of the sinus of investigations on macro-microscopic levels using advanced methods in morphology. The aim of our study was to establish the craniotopographical individual anatomical variability and variants of the structure of the superior sagittal sinus (SSS) of the dura mater of the brain of the cranial vault in adults. It has been revealed that the superior sagittal sinus has a close relationship with the bones of the skull vault, in connection with which it is possible to carry out a projection on these bones with the determination of craniometric points. It is quite possible to use these points in the fields of medical craniology and neurosurgery, taking into account the anatomical variability and variants of the structure of the superior sagittal sinus of the DMB of the cranial vault in adults during the implementation of surgical interventions during which intra- and extracranial venous-cerebral shunts will be created. Для нашого дослідження був використаний трупний матеріал від 45 людей різного віку та статі. Досліджуваний синус був вивчений на макро-мікроскопічному рівнях загальновідомими морфологічними методами. Метою нашого дослідження було встановлення краніотопографічної індивідуальної анатомічної варіативності та варіантів будови верхнього сагітального синуса твердої мозкової оболонки склепіння черепа у дорослих. Виявлено, що верхній сагітальний синус має тісний зв'язок з кістками склепіння черепа, у зв'язку з чим можливе виконання проекції на ці кістки з визначенням краніометричних точок. Використовувати ці точки цілком можливо в галузях медичної краніології та нейрохірургії, враховуючи анатомічну варіабельність та варіанти будови верхнього сагітального синуса твердої мозкової оболонки склепіння черепа у дорослих при виконанні оперативних втручань, під час яких і будуть створені інтра- та позачерепні венозно-мозкові шунти.
Dynamics of CD68 receptor expression in macrophages of the interstitial space of the rat testis under triptorelin prolonged administration
(Ukr. Biochem. J., 2023) Stetsuk, Ye. V.; Shepytko, V. I.; Akimov, O. Ye.; Boruta, N. V.; Rud, M. V.; Pelypenko, L. B.; Lysachenko, O. D.; Vilkhova, O. V.; Skotarenko, T. A.; Voloshyna, O. V.; Стецук, Євген Валерійович; Шепітько, Володимир Іванович; Акімов, Олег Євгенович; Борута, Наталія Володимирівна; Рудь, Марія Володимирівна; Пелипенко, Лариса Борисівна; Лисаченко, Ольга Дмитрівна; Вільхова, Олена Вікторівна; Скотаренко, Тетяна Анатоліївна
Testosterone, the production of which is stimulated by the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) has a remarkable anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effect, and in conditions of testosterone deficiency tissue damage can occur due to excessive differentiation of macrophages into a proinflammatory M1 phenotype. The aim of this study was to determine the spread of CD68 receptors as the marker of inflammation on the cells in the interstitial space and testicular vessels under LH synthesis blockade with tryptorelin. Sexually mature white male rats were randomly divided into control (10 animals) and experimental (25 animals) groups. Animals in the experimental group were injected with a tryptorelin acetate solution (0.3 mg/kg). Immunochemical analysis of CD68+ expression was estimated at Olympus FV10i-LIV laser scanning confocal microscope using fluorescent labeling dye. It was shown that luteinizing hormone deprivation led to an increase in the distribution of the CD68 receptor in the interstitial space and in the testicular vessels from day 30 to 180 of the experiment, associated with the increase of inducible NO synthase activity in testis tissue.
Effect of quercetin administration on electron microscopic changes in testicular interstitial endocrinocytes during long-term central blockade of luteinising hormone in rats
(Вінницький національний медичний університет ім. М.І. Пирогова, 2024) Stetsuk, Ye. V.; Shepitko, V. I.; Pronina, O. M.; Zaporozhets, T. M.; Boruta, N. V.; Vilkhova, O. V.; Lysachenko, O. D.; Pelypenko, L. B.; Voloshyna, O. V.; Levchenko, O. A.; Стецук, Євген Валерійович; Шепітько, Володимир Іванович; Проніна, Олена Миколаївна; Запорожець, Тетяна Миколаївна; Борута, Наталія Володимирівна; Вільхова, Олена Вікторівна; Лисаченко, Ольга Дмитрівна; Пелипенко, Лариса Борисівна; Волошина, Олена Валеріївна; Левченко, Ольга Анатоліївна
Quercetin is a flavonoid with potential health benefits and it may help prevent cardiovascular diseases, reduce the risk of degenerative brain processes and cancer, and has antioxidant properties that neutralise free radicals. Substances in this group also have antioxidant properties, which help the body protect itself from the harmful effects of free radicals by neutralising these unstable molecules. Research indicates that the impact of free radicals on cell structure is associated with the development of chronic diseases such as diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular pathologies. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of quercetin administration on electron microscopic changes in the interstitial endocrinocytes of the testes under long-term central blockade of the synthesis of luteinising hormone by tryptorelin. The experiment involved 35 sexually mature male white rats. They were divided into two groups: the control group (I) received saline, while group II received subcutaneous injections of tryptorelin at a dose of 0.3 mg of active ingredient per kg of rat body weight to induce experimental central deprivation of luteinising hormone synthesis and additionally, quercetin was administered three times a day by gastric tube in terms of body weight. The study has demonstrated that the administration of tryptorelin results in structural and functional changes in the connective tissue components of rat testes. Specifically, there are quantitative and qualitative disorders in the population of interstitial endocrine cells, as well as electron microscopic changes at the subcellular level. Various pathological changes and abnormalities in the functional activity of the internal components of the cell were detected on days 270 and 365 of the experiment. The frequency, number, and size of Reinke crystals in relation to the cell volume correlated with changes in cells and increased at later stages of the study. A similar correlation with testosterone levels has not been found in the literature, which leads us to classify Reinke crystals as the result of degenerative processes in the cell. Thus, additional administration of quercetin reduces the adverse effect of tryptorelin and delays the onset of changes in the structure of interstitial endocrinocytes from day 180 to later observation periods.
Effect of testosterone central deprivation on the reticular zone of the cortical substance in the adrenal glands of white rats
(Українська медична стоматологічна академія, 2020) Skotarenko, T. A.; Stetsuk, Ye. V.; Boruta, N. V.; Скотаренко, Тетяна Анатоліївна; Стецук, Євген Валерійович; Борута, Наталія Володимирівна
The introduction of "Diferelin" leads to changes in the population of corticosterocytes of the reticular zone in the adrenal glands, in the form of changes in the secretory cycle of cells from the production of steroid precursors (1 month) to the production of protein components (3, 6 and 9 months).
Electron microscopic changes in interstitial endocrinocytes of rats testicles during administration of triptorellin for 365 days
(Вінницький національний медичний університет імені Пирогова, 2023) Stetsuk, Ye. V.; Shepitko, V. I.; Boruta, N. V.; Vilkhova, O. V.; Skotarenko, T. A.; Rud, M. V. ; Стецук, Євген Валерійович; Шепітько, Володимир Іванович; Борута, Наталія Володимирівна; Вільхова, Олена Вікторівна; Скотаренко, Тетяна Анатоліївна; Рудь, Марія Володимирівна
Triptorelin is a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist that is a potent inhibitor of testosterone (in men) and estrogen (in women) synthesis and is used to treat advanced prostate cancer. Studies of the mechanisms of regulation and synthesis of testosterone formation in testicular interstitial cells demonstrate multiple endogenous targets that can increase testosterone biosynthesis, which may moderate the effects of testosterone depletion. Triptorelin, a synthetic analog of the neurohormone gonadoliberin, suppresses the expression of the GnRH receptor in the pituitary gland, but does not change the functioning of the pituitary-testicular complex. The purpose of the work is to study the electron microscopic changes in the interstitial endocrinocytes of the testes of rats after the administration of triptorelin for 365 days.The experiment was conducted on 35 sexually mature male white rats. The rats were divided into 2 groups: the control group (I) was injected with a physiological solution, the II group with central deprivation of the synthesis of luteinizing hormone was injected subcutaneously with triptorelin at a dose of 0.3 mg of the active substance per kg of the rat's body weight. The study of the interstitial space in the testicles of white rats showed that long-term administration of triptorelin causes hormonal dysregulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-testis system, which leads to quantitative and qualitative changes in the endocrine cells of the interstitial space of the testis, which is confirmed by electron microscopic changes in subcellular structures. The maximum effect of triptorelin is determined from the 180th day of observation, which is characterized by an increase in degenerative changes in endocrinocytes, and the detection of Reinke crystals in the cytoplasm of interstitial endocrinocytes from the 270th day of observation.
Electronic microscopic substantiation of populations of macrophages in interstitial space on the seeds of control and intactive intaint rats
(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2021) Stetsuk, Ye. V.; Shepitko, V. I.; Nebesna, Z. M.; Boruta, N. V.; Yakushko, O. S.; Rud, M. V.; Стецук, Євген Валерійович; Шепітько, Володимир Іванович; Небесна, Зоя Михайлівна; Борута, Наталія Володимирівна; Якушко, Олена Святославівна; Рудь, Марія Володимирівна
Introduction. The transmission of genetic material to the next generation is the basic principle of species preservation. In this case, the immune system performs the function of protection against genetically foreign material, and plays a crucial role in maintaining structural and functional homeostasis of the organism. It functions in close connection with the surrounding organs, tissues and cells, among which the main ones are macrophages, which are present in all mammalian tissues and form a widespread system in the body. They help maintain homeostasis by responding to internal and external changes in the body, not only as phagocytes in protection against microbes, in the removal of dead and aging cells, but also through the functions of nutrition, cell regeneration and cell regulation. Thus, the phagocytic system, in comparison with the nervous and endocrine systems, can be adapted, regulated and able to perform trophic, protective functions, both locally and systemically. The aim of this study was to establish the diversity of populations and to describe the electronograms of the interstitial space macrophages of the rat’s testes in control and intact group of animals. Object and methods. The study was performed on 20 adult male rats. Animals were randomly divided into 2 groups: control (10 animals) and intact (10 animals). Animals in the control group were injected with saline in dosage 0.3 ml in the thigh. Preparation of material for electron microscopic studies of the interstitial space structures of the testis was performed according to the generally accepted method. Results and discussion. Studying the cells of the macrophage series of connective tissue, we found that in the interstitial space, depending on the location, two groups of macrophages were clearly distinguished, both in the control group and in the intact group of animals. The first type of macrophages, these are cells that were mostly located near blood vessels, were located alone or in groups – interstitial macrophages. The second population consisted of macrophages, which we identified as parietal. Conclusions. Based on the evaluation of electronograms of the testes interstitial space, we found that macrophages, localized in the interstitial space, consisted of two groups, parietal and interstitial.
Experience of using google classroom with english-speaking students at the department of histology, cytology and embryology
(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2022) Shepitko, V. I.; Vilkhova, O. V.; Boruta, N. V.; Stetsuk, Ye. V.; Skotarenko, T. A.; Rud, M. V.; Шепітько, Володимир Іванович; Вільхова, Олена Вікторівна; Борута, Наталія Володимирівна; Стецук, Євген Валерійович; Скотаренко, Тетяна Анатоліївна; Рудь, Марія Володимирівна
Taking into account the challenges and conditions in which the students and the scientific and pedagogical staff of the university have been for a long period, an additional incentive for the use of a virtual educational environment has appeared. One of its components is the free Google Classroom platform, which was created in 2014 to accelerate the process of information exchange between teachers and students.
Expression of Ki67 and CD68+ cells of red bone marrow monocyte sprout under triptorelin administration in the hypothalamicpituitary-testis regulatory system: the experimental study
(ТОВ «Ландпресс», 2023) Martynenko, R. V.; Shepitko, V. I.; Stetsuk, Ye. V.; Boruta, N. V.; Rud, M. V.; Vilkhova, O. V.; Moskalenko, R. A.; Martynenko, V. B.; Мартиненко, Роман Віталійович; Шепітько, Володимир Іванович; Стецук, Євген Валерійович; Борута, Наталія Володимирівна; Рудь, Марія Володимирівна; Вільхова, Олена Вікторівна; Москаленко, Роман Андрійович; Мартиненко, Віталій Борисович
Red bone marrow (RBM) is the main organ of human haemopoiesis. Monocytopoiesis plays an important role in the formation of transitional states: from normal to pathology and in the transformation of pathological processes from one stage to another. In modern urological practice, the substance triptorelin is widely used for androgen deprivation therapy, according to the recommendations of the European Association of Urology. Ki67, a commercially available monoclonal antibody that reacts with a nuclear antigen detected only in proliferating cells, is used to assess immunohistochemical changes. CD68 is a valuable cytochemical marker for immunostaining of monocytes/macrophages during histochemical analysis of tissues in inflammation, cancer and other immunohistopathological purposes. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the proliferative activity and differentiation of progenitor cells through the expression of Ki67 and CD68+ monocyte sprouting of RBM under chemical castration of central origin in male rats caused by the administration of triptorelin solution with quercetin addition to the diet for one year.
Immunocompetent liver cells reaction to inhibition of luteinizing hormone synthesis on the 180th day
(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2023) Rud, M. V.; Shepitko, V. I.; Stetsuk, Ye. V.; Sydorenko, A. G.; Voloshyna, O. V.; Starchenko, I. I. ; Nalyvaiko, A. O.; Рудь, Марія Володимирівна; Шепітько, Володимир Іванович; Стецук, Євген Валерійович; Сидоренко, Антоніна Григорівна; Волошина, Олена Валеріївна; Старченко, Іван Іванович; Наливайко, Андрій Олександрович
Hepatic macrophages play a central role in maintaining liver homeostasis and in the pathogenesis of liver injury. Liver macrophages are composed of functionally distinct cellular subpopulations. Currently, there is interest in the effect of androgens and their receptors on different liver cells and the development of liver pathology as well as the potential impact of quercetin on androgen synthesis inhibition. The blockade of luteinising hormone synthesis by administration of triptorelin acetate on day 180 of the experiment caused morphological changes in the structure of the rat liver, in particular in the cellular, connective tissue and vascular components. Total activity of NO synthases in the liver rose up as well as nitrite concentration. Arginase activity was decreased. Administration of quercetin leads to a decrease in the total activity of NO synthases. The shift in macrophage polarization toward the predominance of M1 may be a consequence of endothelial dysfunction as a result of luteinizing hormone synthesis inhibition.
Individual parameter differences skull and lateral ventricles with the types of venous-liquor relationship in people of mature age
(Азербайджанський медичний університет, 2024-07) Bondarenko, S. V.; Dubina, S. А.; Serbin, S. I.; Stetsuk, Ye. V.; Fylenko, B. M.; Tarasenko, Ya. A. ; Tikhonova, O. A.; Koptev, M. N.; Бондаренко, Станіслав Володимирович; Дубина, Сергій Олександрович; Сербін, Сергій Ігорович; Стецук, Євген Валерійович; Филенко, Борис Миколайович; Тарасенко, Яна Альбертівна; Тихонова, Олеся Олександрівна; Коптев, Михайло Миколайович
The results of a study aimed at determining the range of metric individual differences in the length, width, height parameters of the head (skull) and lateral ventricles in adults, as well as to carry out the craniometric analysis of the relationships between the venous and cerebrospinal fluid systems of the brain in adults of both sexes. The material of research was dura mater with its sinuses, ventricles of the brain and vault of the skull. We used a complex of macro – and microanatomy techniques. It has been shown that the longitudinal parameters of the head, cranial cavity and lateral ventricles usually prevail in male and female representatives with a dolichocephalic head shape (long-headed people). Respectively, certain craniotopographic relationships with the right and left lateral ventricles are formed. Craniometric correlations between the transverse dimensions of the studied objects of the cerebrospinal fluid system have been established. It has been found out that regardless of gender, there is a characteristic trend of gradual increase in the width of the head, skull cavity, and lateral ventricles from dolicho to meso- and brachycephals. The obtained craniometric data are important for purposeful and rational puncture of the lateral ventricles, which allow us to determine and take into account the distance of their location in relation to the bones of the skull vault. Two extreme types of relationships have been identified between venous-sinus formations of the dura mater of the cranial vault and cerebrospinal fluid-ventricular parts of the brain. The first is the loose type (scattered type), the second is the trunk type. In addition, there are a lot of intermediate forms of these relationships, differing in length and сoncentration of separate groups of venous tributaries along the superior sagittal and transverse sinuses. Məqalədə başın uzunluq və eninin, kəllənin hündürlüyünün və beynin yan mədəciklərinin metrik diapazonlarının fərdi xüsisiyyətlərini, həmçinin beynin venoz sistemi ilə beyin-onurğa beyni mayesinin qarşılıqlı əlaqələrini təhlil etmək üçün aparılmış kraniometrik tədqiqat işi haqqında məlumat verilmişdir. Tədqiqat göstərmişdir ki, dolixosefal kəllə formasına malik olan kişi və qadınlarda başın, kəllə boşluğunun və yan mədəciklərinin boylama ölçüləri üstünlük təşkil edir. Sağ və sol mədəciklərin kraniotopo-qrafik münasibətləri də müvafiq şəkildə formalaşır. Likvor sistemi obyektlərinin köndələn istiqamətli kranio-metrik ölçülərinin nisbətində də müəyyən uyğunluqlar aşkar edilmişdir. Aydın olmuşdur ki, cinsiyyətdən asılı olmayaraq, başın, kəllə boşluğunun və yan mədəciklərin eninin ölçüləri dolixo-, mezo- və braxiosefal formaların ardıcıllığı üzrə artır. Bu ölçülərin öyrənilməsinin yan mədəciklərin punksiyasının icra edilməsi üçün əhəmiyyəti vardır. Kəllə əsasında beynin sərt qişasının və baş beyninin likvor-mədəcik şöbələrinin qarşılıqlı münasibətləri baxımından iki hüdudi tip ayrd edilmişdir: birinci – dənəli (səpələnmiş) tip və ikinci – magistral tip. Bundan əlavə, bu qarşılıqlı əlaqələrdə çox sayda aralıq formalar mövcuddur və yuxarı oxşəkilli ciblə köndələn ciblərin venoz axacaqları qruplarının toplantılarında da fərqlilik aşkar edilmişdir. Представлены результаты исследования, проведенного с целью определения диапазона метрических индивидуальных различий длины, ширины, высоты параметров головы (черепа) и боковых желудочков у взрослых, а также проведение краниометрического анализа взаимоотношений систем венозной и спинномозговой жидкости головного мозга у взрослых людей обоего пола. Материалом для исследования послужила твердая мозговая оболочка с ее синусами, желудочки мозга и свод черепа. В исследовании использовался комплекс методов макро- и микроанатомии. Было показано, что продольные параметры головы, полости черепа и боковых желудочков обычно преобладают у представителей мужского и женского пола, имеющих долихоцефалическую форму головы (длинноголовых людей). Соответственно, формируются определенные краниотопографи-ческие соотношения с правым и левым боковыми желудочками. Установлены краниометрические соотношения между поперечными размерами изученных объектов ликворной системы. Определено, что независимо от пола наблюдается тенденция постепенного увеличения ширины головы, полости черепа и боковых желудочков от долихо- к мезо- и брахицефалам. Краниометрические данные имеют значение для целенаправленной и рациональной пункции боковых желудочков. Было выделено два крайних типа взаимоотношений между венозно-пазушными образованиями твёрдой оболочки головного мозга свода черепа и ликворо-желудочковыми отделами головного мозга. Первый – рассыпной тип, второй – магистральный тип. Кроме того, существует целый ряд промежуточных форм этих взаимоотношений, отличающихся протяженностью и различным скоплением отдельных групп венозных притоков вдоль верхней стреловидной пазухи и поперечных пазух.
Influence of prolonged central deprivation of testosterone synthesis on production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and morphological structure of rat testes
(Українська медична стоматологічна академія, 2020) Stetsuk, Ye. V.; Akimov, O. Ye.; Shepitko, V. І.; Goltsev, A. М.; Стецук, Євген Валерійович; Акімов, Олег Євгенович; Шепітько, Володимир Іванович; Гольцев, Анатолій Миколайович
Some testicular diseases require long-term use of testosterone synthesis blockers. It is known that testosterone is a necessary component for the physiological cooperation of cell forms of the stroma and parenchyma of testes. The scientific literature contains a limited amount of data about the effect of long-term deprivation of testosterone synthesis on this cooperation. The aim of our study was to establish the effect of long-term (365 days) inhibition of hypothalamic-pituitary stimulation of spermatogenesis on morphological and biochemical parameters in rat testes. Central deprivation of testosterone synthesis leads to fibrosis with subsequent disruption of the structural organization of the convoluted seminiferous tubules, hemodynamic disorders, endothelial dysfunction, increased density of blood vessel walls and systemic congestion. A decrease in the activity of constitutive NO synthase isoforms plays a major role in the development of structural changes in the testes of rats.
Influence of prolonged tripterelin-induced central deprivation of testosterone synthesis on morphological structure of rat’s liver
(Українська медична стоматологічна академія, 2021) Polyvyana, O. A.; Shepitko, K. V.; Stetsuk, Ye. V.; Akimov, O. Ye.; Dubinin, D. S.; Полив'яна, Олександра Анатоліївна; Шепітько, Костянтин Володимирович; Стецук, Євген Валерійович; Акімов, Олег Євгенович; Дубінін, Дмитро Сергійович
In recent years, the incidence of prostate cancer has increased worldwide. For example, in 2012, the GLOBOCAN project found that prostate cancer was the second most commonly diagnosed cancer and the fifth leading cause of cancer deaths among men worldwide. Insufficient testosterone can exacerbate liver damage caused by obesity. The aim of our study was to identify morphological changes in the liver of rats at the tissue and cellular levels, to study the processes of formation of reactive oxygen species and the intensity of lipid peroxidation during prolonged central deprivation of testosterone synthesis caused by triptereline. Triptorelin-induced central deprivation of testosterone synthesis leads to oxidative damage to hepatocytes due to increased production of reactive oxygen species and decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes. Oxidative damage to liver cells begins at the molecular and cellular levels and becomes apparent at the tissue level on day 180 of the central deprivation of testosterone synthesis.
Influence of quercetin on biochemical and morphological changes in rat testes after 30 days long central deprivation of luteinizing hormone
(Полтавський державний медичний університет, 2021) Stetsuk, Ye. V.; Shepitko, V. I.; Akimov, O. Ye.; Yakushko, O. S.; Solovyova, N. V.; Стецук, Євген Валерійович; Шепітько, Володимир Іванович; Акімов, Олег Євгенович; Якушко, Олена Святославівна; Соловйова, Наталія Веніамінівна
Central blockade of luteinizing hormone synthesis by the injection of triptorelin acetate with parallel oral intake of quercetin on the 30th day of the experiment causes minor changes in the structure of the interstitial space of the rats’ testes and is characterized by variability in the populations of interstitial endocrinocytes and macrophages, which in our opinion, affects the change in the parameters of spermatogenesis in the rats’ testes. Quercetin protects tissue of rats’ testes from oxidative damage induced by triptorelin injection on 30th day of the experiment by increasing the antioxidant protection and reducing reactive oxygen species formation. Quercetin increase the arginase-dependent arginine cleavage, which was inhibited by triptorelin injection.
Influence of quercetin on morphological changes in rats testes after 180 days during central deprivation of luteinizing hormone
(Вінницький національний медичний університет ім. М. І. Пирогова, 2021) Stetsuk, Ye. V.; Shepitko, V. I.; Стецук, Євген Валерійович; Шепітько, Володимир Іванович
Central blockade of LH synthesis by the introduction of triptorelin with parallel administration of quercetin to the studied animals on the 180th day of the experiment causes changes in the structure of the interstitial space of the testes of rats and is characterized by high variability in the populations of interstitial endocrinocytes and macrophages, which affects the change in spermatogenesis in the testes of rats. Biochemical parameters on the 180th day of the experiment showed a shift in NO synthesis from constitutive NO synthases to inducible NO synthase and increased oxidative stress due to an increase in the production of superoxide anion radical and a decrease in antioxidant protection. 3. Quercetin protects rat testicular tissue from oxidative damage caused by the administration of triptorelin on the 180th day of the experiment by increasing the antioxidant defense and reducing reactive oxygen species.

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